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The examination of Naia\u2019s malocclusion was performed through cephalometric and occlusal analyses, and by measuring her mandible. Her data were then compared to published data for modern, medieval, and postmedieval samples and seven Late Pleistocene individuals. Naia presented her permanent dentition fully erupted, except for the impacted mandibular third molars. She presented a class II molar malocclusion with crowding. The dental widths and mandible measurements were similar to or smaller than modern standards. The degree of dental wear was light. The cephalometric analysis confirmed a skeletal class II relationship, with a retrusive mandible and protruded upper incisors. Naia\u2019s mild level of dental wear is consistent with a low masticatory force, in a time when the norm was a high amount of grinding. The low masticatory forces help explain Naia\u2019s small jaws and crowding. However, it does not clarify Angle\u2019s class II relationship. Naia is an example that environmental factors are insufficient to explain the onset of malocclusions and emphasizes the importance of understanding hereditary factors\u2019 role.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-07941-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T14:03:04Z","timestamp":1646661784000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Unexpected malocclusion in a 13,000-Year-old Late Pleistocene young woman from Mexico"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Rub\u00e9n","family":"Herrera-Atoche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Chatters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Cucina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"7941_CR1","first-page":"95","volume":"33","author":"F Attolini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Attolini, F. 2007, first year of Aktun Hu exploration. 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