{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T03:40:54Z","timestamp":1779939654764,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aphids such as tobacco aphid<jats:italic>Myzus persicae-nicotianae,<\/jats:italic>are among the most important plant viral vectors and plant viruses encode genes to interact with their vectors.<jats:italic>Cucumber mosaic virus<\/jats:italic>(CMV) encodes 2b protein as a suppressor of plant immune and it plays a vital role in CMV accumulation and susceptibility to aphid vectors. In this study, the resistance of tobacco plants (<jats:italic>Nicotiana tabacum<\/jats:italic>) to<jats:italic>M. p. nicotianae<\/jats:italic>was evaluated by silencing of<jats:italic>2b<\/jats:italic>in CMV-infected plants. However, the<jats:italic>pFGC-C.h<\/jats:italic>silencing gene construct was transiently expressed using<jats:italic>Agrobacterium tumefacience,<\/jats:italic>LBA 4404 in tobacco leaves, and four days later, the plants were mechanically inoculated by CMV (Kurdistan isolate), and then, 15\u00a0days post-inoculation 1 nonviruliferous aphid was placed on each leaf for evaluation of resistance to<jats:italic>M. p. nicotianae<\/jats:italic>. To evaluate the tobacco plants resistance and susceptibility to<jats:italic>M. p. nicotianae<\/jats:italic>, the number of aphids existent per tobacco leaf, life table and, demographic parameters were recorded and used as a comparison indicator. The obtained results were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table. The highest number of aphids was recorded on the control CMV-infected plants, while the lowest number on CMV infected leaves expressing CMV-2b silencing construct (<jats:italic>pFGC-C.h<\/jats:italic>). The obtained data revealed the lowest rate for all of intrinsic rate of natural increase (r<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>) (0.246\/day), the rate of reproduction (r0) (17.04 females\/generation), and finite rate of increase (\u03bb) (1.279\/day), on the<jats:italic>pFGC-C.h<\/jats:italic>treatment. The maximum generation time (T) (11.834\u00a0days) was observed on (V) treatment. However, the collected data revealed induction of resistance to tobacco aphids by silencing of CMV-2b in CMV infected plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08202-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T15:02:44Z","timestamp":1646751764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Induction of resistance to Myzus persicae-nicotianae in Cucumber mosaic virus infected tobacco plants using silencing of CMV-2b gene"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kazhal","family":"Karimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Maroufpoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdolbaset","family":"Azizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"8202_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u0131\u00b4a-Arenal, F. and Palukaitis, P. Garc\u00eda-arenal: desk encyclopedia of plant and fungal... Google Scholar. Acad. Press 614 (2008).","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012374410-4.00640-3"},{"key":"8202_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-017-3339-8","volume":"162","author":"B Zhou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou, B., Wang, F., Zhang, X., Zhang, L. & Lin, H. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of tobacco virus 2, a polerovirus from Nicotiana tabacum. Arch. Virol. 162, 2159\u20132162 (2017).","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"8202_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004492","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004492","volume":"10","author":"JM Hily","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hily, J. M. et al. The Relationship between Host Lifespan and Pathogen Reservoir Potential: An Analysis in the System Arabidopsis thaliana-Cucumber mosaic virus. PLOS Pathog. 10, e1004492 (2014).","journal-title":"PLOS Pathog."},{"key":"8202_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-98-11-1233","volume":"98","author":"F Gildow","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gildow, F. et al. Transmission efficiency of Cucumber mosaic virus by aphids associated with virus epidemics in snap bean. Phytopathology 98, 1233\u20131241 (2008).","journal-title":"Phytopathology"},{"key":"8202_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO.1997.87.9.92487,924-931","author":"Y Yang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Kim, K. S. & Anderson, E. J. Seed transmission of cucumber mosaic virus in spinach. Phytopathology https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1094\/PHYTO.1997.87.9.92487,924-931 (2007).","journal-title":"Phytopathology"},{"key":"8202_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2018.04.027","volume":"279","author":"V Nalam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nalam, V., Louis, J. & Shah, J. Plant defense against aphids, the pest extraordinaire. Plant Sci. 279, 96\u2013107 (2019).","journal-title":"Plant Sci."},{"key":"8202_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394314-9.00013-0","volume":"84","author":"M Jacquemond","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jacquemond, M. Cucumber mosaic virus. Adv. Virus Res. 84, 439\u2013504 (2012).","journal-title":"Adv. Virus Res."},{"key":"8202_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/9780890546109.004","author":"J-Y Yoon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yoon, J.-Y., Palukaitis, P. & Choi, S.-K. CHAPTER 1: host range. Cucumber Mosaic Virus https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1094\/9780890546109.004 (2019).","journal-title":"Cucumber Mosaic Virus"},{"key":"8202_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2017.07.005","volume":"26","author":"S Groen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Groen, S., Wamonje, F., Murphy, A. & Carr, J. Engineering resistance to virus transmission. Curr. Opin. Virol. 26, 20\u201327 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"issue":"7","key":"8202_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02725","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.2725","volume":"100","author":"R Donnelly","year":"2019","unstructured":"Donnelly, R., Cunniffe, N. J., Carr, J. P. & Gilligan, C. A. Pathogenic modification of plants enhances long-distance dispersal of nonpersistently transmitted viruses to new hosts. Ecology 100(7), e02725 (2019).","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"8202_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2016.05.007","volume":"16","author":"S Blanc","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blanc, S. & Michalakis, Y. Manipulation of hosts and vectors by plant viruses and impact of the environment. Curr. Opin. Insect Sci. 16, 36\u201343 (2016).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Insect Sci."},{"key":"8202_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-019-01657-z","volume":"55","author":"GK Saurav","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saurav, G. K., Rana, V. S., Popli, S., Daimei, G. & Rajagopal, R. A thioredoxin-like protein of Bemisia tabaci interacts with coat protein of begomoviruses. Virus Genes 55, 356\u2013367 (2019).","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"8202_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2013.12.012","volume":"186","author":"M Carmo-Sousa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Carmo-Sousa, M., Moreno, A., Garzo, E. & Fereres, A. A non-persistently transmitted-virus induces a pull-push strategy in its aphid vector to optimize transmission and spread. Virus Res. 186, 38\u201346 (2014).","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"8202_CR14","unstructured":"Brunt, A. Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. http:\/\/biology.anu.edu.au\/Groups\/MES\/vide\/ (1996)."},{"key":"8202_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harris, K. F. An ingestion-egestion hypothesis of noncirculative virus transmission. Aphids Virus Vectors 165\u2013220 (1977).","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-327550-9.50012-4"},{"key":"8202_CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"21","author":"C Lax","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lax, C. et al. The Evolutionary Significance of RNAi in the Fungal Kingdom. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21, 1\u201322 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"8202_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/61807","author":"TB Rodrigues","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodrigues, T. B. & Figueira, A. Management of Insect Pest by RNAi \u2014 A New Tool for Crop Protection. RNA Interf. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/61807 (2016).","journal-title":"RNA Interf."},{"key":"8202_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10050917","volume":"10","author":"MM Mathioudakis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mathioudakis, M. M. et al. Molecular characterization of the coat protein gene of greek apple stem pitting virus isolates: Evolution through deletions, insertions, and recombination events. Plants 10, 917 (2021).","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"8202_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1495506","volume":"20","author":"X Zhang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhang, X. et al. Cucumber mosaic virus-encoded 2b suppressor inhibits Arabidopsis Argonaute1 cleavage activity to counter plant defense. Genes Dev. 20, 3255\u20133268 (2006).","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"8202_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00187","volume":"1","author":"H Ziebell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ziebell, H. et al. Cucumber mosaic virus and its 2b RNA silencing suppressor modify plant-aphid interactions in tobacco. Sci. Rep. 1, 1\u20137 (2011).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"8202_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2011.04553.x","volume":"66","author":"Z Lai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lai, Z., Wang, F., Zheng, Z., Fan, B. & Chen, Z. A critical role of autophagy in plant resistance to necrotrophic fungal pathogens. Plant J. 66, 953\u2013968 (2011).","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"8202_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.060624-0","volume":"95","author":"JH Westwood","year":"2014","unstructured":"Westwood, J. H. et al. Interference with jasmonic acid-regulated gene expression is a general property of viral suppressors of RNA silencing but only partly explains virus-induced changes in plant\u2013aphid interactions. J. Gen. Virol. 95, 733\u2013739 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"8202_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12892","volume":"21","author":"T Tungadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tungadi, T. et al. Cucumber mosaic virus 2b proteins inhibit virus-induced aphid resistance in tobacco. Mol. Plant Pathol. 21, 250\u2013257 (2020).","journal-title":"Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"8202_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-23-7-0835","volume":"23","author":"MG Lewsey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lewsey, M. G. et al. Disruption of two defensive signaling pathways by a viral RNA silencing suppressor. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 23, 835\u2013845 (2010).","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"8202_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47535","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047535","volume":"7","author":"AJ Love","year":"2012","unstructured":"Love, A. J. et al. Cauliflower mosaic virus protein P6 inhibits signaling responses to salicylic acid and regulates innate immunity. PLoS ONE 7, e47535 (2012).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"8202_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-015-0456-4","volume":"13","author":"X Shi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shi, X. et al. Aphid performance changes with plant defense mediated by Cucumber mosaic virus titer. Virol. J. 13, 1\u20136 (2016).","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"8202_CR27","unstructured":"Blackman, R. L. & Eastop, V. F. Aphids on the World\u2019s Crops: An Identification and Information Guide, 2nd Edition - R. L. Blackman, V. F. Eastop. 476 (2000)."},{"key":"8202_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17891","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702739104","volume":"104","author":"B Moury","year":"2007","unstructured":"Moury, B., Fabre, F. & Senoussi, R. Estimation of the number of virus particles transmitted by an insect vector. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104, 17891 (2007).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"8202_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van-Emden, H. & Harrington, R. Aphids as Crop Pests - CABI.org. CABI https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/bookshop\/book\/9781780647098\/ (2007).","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851998190.0000"},{"key":"8202_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4258","volume":"72","author":"X Yu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu, X. et al. RNAi-mediated plant protection against aphids. Pest Manag. Sci. 72, 1090\u20131098 (2016).","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"key":"8202_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ann K. Sakai et al. The population biology of invasive species. 32, 305\u2013332 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.32.081501.11403732,305-332 (2001).","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.32.081501.11403732,305-332"},{"key":"8202_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.9790\/2380-07114043","volume":"7","author":"AM Kakde","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kakde, A. M., Patel, K. G. & Tayade, S. Role of life table in insect pest management-a review. IOSR J. Agric. Vet. Sci. 7, 40\u201343 (2014).","journal-title":"IOSR J. Agric. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"8202_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3390\/insects11010022","volume":"11","author":"F Ullah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ullah, F. et al. RNAi-Mediated Knockdown of Chitin Synthase 1 (CHS1) Gene Causes Mortality and Decreased Longevity and Fecundity in Aphis gossypii. Insects 11, 22 (2020).","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"8202_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3600","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907191107","volume":"107","author":"KE Mauck","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mauck, K. E., De Moraes, C. M. & Mescher, M. C. Deceptive chemical signals induced by a plant virus attract insect vectors to inferior hosts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107, 3600\u20133605 (2010).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"8202_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westwood, J. et al. A trio of viral proteins tunes aphid-plant interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 8, (2013).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083066"},{"key":"8202_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12371","volume":"29","author":"KE Mauck","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mauck, K. E., Smyers, E., De Moraes, C. M. & Mescher, M. C. Virus infection influences host plant interactions with non-vector herbivores and predators. Funct. Ecol. 29, 662\u2013673 (2015).","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"8202_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.12249","volume":"37","author":"K Mauck","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mauck, K., De Moraes, C. & Mescher, M. Biochemical and physiological mechanisms underlying effects of Cucumber mosaic virus on host-plant traits that mediate transmission by aphid vectors. Plant. Cell Environ. 37, 1427\u20131439 (2014).","journal-title":"Plant. Cell Environ."},{"key":"8202_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S153","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.000679","volume":"14","author":"JG Turner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Turner, J. G., Ellis, C. & Devoto, A. The Jasmonate Signal Pathway. Plant Cell 14, S153\u2013S164 (2002).","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"8202_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2004.03.006","volume":"42","author":"H Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Xie, X., Xu, Y. & Wu, N. Isolation and functional assessment of a tomato proteinase inhibitor II gene. Plant Physiol. Biochem. PPB 42, 437\u2013444 (2004).","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem. PPB"},{"key":"8202_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.105.070433","volume":"139","author":"V Pegadaraju","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pegadaraju, V., Knepper, C., Reese, J. & Shah, J. Premature leaf senescence modulated by the arabidopsis PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 gene is associated with defense against the phloem-feeding green peach aphid. Plant Physiol. 139, 1927\u20131934 (2005).","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"8202_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-017-0754-0","volume":"14","author":"T Tungadi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tungadi, T. et al. Cucumber mosaic virus and its 2b protein alter emission of host volatile organic compounds but not aphid vector settling in tobacco. Virol. J. 14, 1\u20139 (2017).","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"8202_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e83520","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083520","volume":"8","author":"X Shi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shi, X. et al. Plant virus differentially alters the plant\u2019s defense response to its closely related vectors. PLoS ONE 8, e83520 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"8202_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11829-012-9220-5","volume":"7","author":"MP Donovan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Donovan, M. P., Nabity, P. D. & DeLucia, E. H. Salicylic acid-mediated reductions in yield in Nicotiana attenuata challenged by aphid herbivory. Arthropod-Plant Interact. 7, 45\u201352 (2013).","journal-title":"Arthropod-Plant Interact."},{"key":"8202_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.107.112029","volume":"146","author":"A Koornneef","year":"2008","unstructured":"Koornneef, A. & Pieterse, C. Cross talk in defense signaling. Plant Physiol. 146, 839\u2013844 (2008).","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"8202_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11990","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.8b03914","volume":"66","author":"W Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo, W. et al. Double-Stranded RNAs High-Efficiently Protect Transgenic Potato from Leptinotarsa decemlineata by Disrupting Juvenile Hormone Biosynthesis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 66, 11990\u201311999 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"8202_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66050","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066050","volume":"8","author":"H Wuriyanghan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wuriyanghan, H. & Falk, B. W. RNA Interference towards the Potato Psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, Is Induced in Plants Infected with Recombinant Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). PLoS ONE 8, e66050 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"8202_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12346","volume":"24","author":"G-M Shen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shen, G.-M. et al. Transgenic cotton expressing CYP392A4 double-stranded RNA decreases the reproductive ability of Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Insect Sci. 24, 559\u2013568 (2017).","journal-title":"Insect Sci."},{"key":"8202_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carey, J. R. Applied Demography for Biologists with Special Emphasis on Insects. (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993).","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195066876.001.0001"},{"key":"8202_CR49","first-page":"137","volume":"42","author":"CE Yarwood","year":"1952","unstructured":"Yarwood, C. E. The phosphate effect in plant virus inoculations. Phytopathology 42, 137\u2013143 (1952).","journal-title":"Phytopathology"},{"key":"8202_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-020-02276-4","volume":"10","author":"A Azizi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Azizi, A., Verchot, J., Moieni, A. & Shams-bakhsh, M. Efficient silencing gene construct for resistance to multiple common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) viruses. 3 Biotech 10, 1\u201310 (2020).","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"key":"8202_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9877","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/16.20.9877","volume":"16","author":"R H\u00f6fgen","year":"1988","unstructured":"H\u00f6fgen, R. & Willmitzer, L. Storage of competent cells for Agrobacterium transformation. Nucl. Acids Res. 16, 9877 (1988).","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Res."},{"key":"8202_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0434.1994.tb01476.x","volume":"141","author":"C De Blas","year":"1994","unstructured":"De Blas, C., Borja, M. J., Saiz, M. & Romero, J. Broad spectrum detection of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) using the polymerase chain reaction. J. Phytopathol. 141, 323\u2013329 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Phytopathol."},{"key":"8202_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1093\/ee\/17.1.26","volume":"17","author":"H Chi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Chi, H. Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals. Environ. Entomol. 17, 26\u201334 (1988).","journal-title":"Environ. Entomol."},{"key":"8202_CR54","first-page":"225","volume":"24","author":"H Chi","year":"1985","unstructured":"Chi, H. & Liu, H. Two new methods for this study of insect population ecology. Bull. Inst. Zool 24, 225\u2013240 (1985).","journal-title":"Bull. Inst. Zool"},{"key":"8202_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1086\/283956","volume":"119","author":"D Goodman","year":"1982","unstructured":"Goodman, D. Optimal life histories, optimal notation, and the value of reproductive value on JSTOR. Am. Nat. 119, 803\u2013823 (1982).","journal-title":"Am. Nat."},{"key":"8202_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Efron, B. & Tibshirani, R. An Introduction to the Bootstrap. 436 (1994).","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429246593"},{"key":"8202_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/tov187","volume":"108","author":"I Akca","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akca, I., Ayvaz, T., Yazici, E., Smith, C. L. & Chi, H. Demography and population projection of aphis fabae (hemiptera: aphididae): with additional comments on life table research criteria. J. Econ. Entomol. 108, 1466\u20131478 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol."},{"key":"8202_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1127\/entomologia\/2020\/0936","volume":"40","author":"H Chi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chi, H. et al. Age-stage, two-sex life table: an introduction to theory, data analysis, and application. Entomol. Gen. 40, 103\u2013124 (2020).","journal-title":"Entomol. Gen."},{"key":"8202_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/83.4.1143","volume":"83","author":"H Chi","year":"1990","unstructured":"Chi, H. Timing of control based on the stage structure of pest populations: a simulation approach. J. Econ. Entomol. 83, 1143\u20131150 (1990).","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol."},{"key":"8202_CR60","first-page":"1","volume":"111","author":"H Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang, H., Chi, H. & Smith, C. Linking demography and consumption of henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (coleoptera: coccinellidae) fed on solanum photeinocarpum (solanales: solanaceae): with a new method to project the uncertainty of population growth and consumption. J. Econ. Entomol. 111, 1\u20139 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-08202-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-08202-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-08202-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T15:11:35Z","timestamp":1700320295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-08202-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-08202-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 October 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"4096"}}