{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T20:36:21Z","timestamp":1768509381078,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antimicrobials used to treat burn wound infections have become multidrug-resistant, thus delaying wound healing. When combined with silver nanoparticles, antibiotics create a multifaceted antibacterial mechanism of action to which bacteria are incapable of developing resistance. Similarly, the amniotic membrane has been found to lower the bacterial number. The purpose of the current study was to observe the antibacterial activity of combined topical colistin with silver nanoparticles and decellularized human amniotic membrane as a dressing in burn wounds infected with bacteria with the goal of promoting faster healing. Bacteria commonly isolated from burn wounds and the most sensitive topical antibiotic were identified. Colistin, silver nanoparticles and combined colistin with silver nanoparticles were impregnated into decellularized human amniotic membranes. These wound dressings were evaluated in third-degree multidrug-resistant bacterial infected thermal burns induced in rats. Out of a total of 708 pus samples from burn wounds, <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> was the most prevalent pathogen 308 (43.5%), followed by <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> 300 (42.4%). Topical colistin was 100% sensitive for both bacteria. Overall, maximum wound contraction (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and increased collagen deposition (+++) with no isolation of bacteria from wound swabs were noted on day 21 for the combined colistin with silver nanoparticle-loaded human amniotic membrane dressing group. Our study concluded that the increased antimicrobial activity of the novel combination of colistin and silver nanoparticle-loaded decellularized human amniotic membrane manifested its potential as an effective burn wound dressing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-10314-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T12:08:21Z","timestamp":1650370101000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Synergistic efficacy of colistin and silver nanoparticles impregnated human amniotic membrane in a burn wound infected rat model"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nadia","family":"Wali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aroosh","family":"Shabbir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Wajid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasir","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Zeeshan Haider","family":"Naqvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"10314_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-4920-4","volume":"20","author":"YY Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen, Y. Y. et al. Trends in microbial profile of burn patients following an event of dust explosion at a tertiary medical center. BMC Infect. Dis. 20, 193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-020-4920-4 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10314_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2020.124414","volume":"589","author":"K Khezri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khezri, K., Farahpour, M. R. & Mounesi Rad, S. Efficacy of Mentha pulegium essential oil encapsulated into nanostructured lipid carriers as an in vitro antibacterial and infected wound healing agent. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 589, 124414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2020.124414 (2020).","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"10314_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2020.100764","volume":"38","author":"N El Hamzaoui","year":"2020","unstructured":"El Hamzaoui, N., Barguigua, A., Larouz, S. & Maouloua, M. Epidemiology of burn wound bacterial infections at a Meknes hospital, Morocco. New Microbes New Infect. 38, 100764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nmni.2020.100764 (2020).","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect."},{"key":"10314_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1754133","volume":"9","author":"MAE-G El-Sayed Ahmed","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Sayed Ahmed, M.A.E.-G. et al. Colistin and its role in the Era of antibiotic resistance: An extended review (2000\u20132019). Emerg Microbes Infect. 9, 868\u2013885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/22221751.2020.1754133 (2020).","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect."},{"key":"10314_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8111716","author":"FF Andrade","year":"2020","unstructured":"Andrade, F. F., Silva, D., Rodrigues, A. & Pina-Vaz, C. Colistin update on its mechanism of action and resistance, present and future challenges. Microorganisms https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms8111716 (2020).","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10314_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.677720","author":"FA Gogry","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gogry, F. A., Siddiqui, M. T., Sultan, I. & Haq, Q. M. R. Current update on intrinsic and acquired colistin resistance mechanisms in bacteria. Front. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.677720 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10314_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.676414","author":"X Feng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Feng, X. et al. Synergistic activity of colistin combined with auranofin against colistin-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Front. Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2021.676414 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10314_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.648560","author":"MA Khalil","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khalil, M. A. et al. Enhanced efficacy of some antibiotics in presence of silver nanoparticles against multidrug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from burn wound infections. Front. Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2021.648560 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10314_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7202","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22137202","volume":"22","author":"T Bruna","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bruna, T., Maldonado-Bravo, F., Jara, P. & Caro, N. Silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial applications. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 7202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22137202 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10314_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2540","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12162540","volume":"12","author":"F Paladini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paladini, F. & Pollini, M. Antimicrobial silver nanoparticles for wound healing application: Progress and future trends. Materials. 12, 2540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma12162540 (2019).","journal-title":"Materials."},{"key":"10314_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-019-01729-z","volume":"193","author":"LG Wasef","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wasef, L. G. et al. Effects of silver nanoparticles on burn wound healing in a mouse model. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 193, 456\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-019-01729-z (2020).","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10314_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes11060387","volume":"11","author":"M F\u00e9nelon","year":"2021","unstructured":"F\u00e9nelon, M. et al. Applications of human amniotic membrane for tissue engineering. Membranes Basel 11, 387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/membranes11060387 (2021).","journal-title":"Membranes Basel"},{"key":"10314_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.29252\/beat-060302","volume":"6","author":"M Nouri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nouri, M. et al. Healing effects of dried and acellular human amniotic membrane and mepitelas for coverage of skin graft donor areas; a randomized clinical trial. Bull. Emerg. Trauma. 6, 195\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29252\/beat-060302 (2018).","journal-title":"Bull. Emerg. Trauma."},{"key":"10314_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34782","volume":"109","author":"S Leal-Marin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leal-Marin, S. et al. Human amniotic membrane: A review on tissue engineering, application, and storage. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 109, 1198\u20131215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.b.34782 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res."},{"key":"10314_CR15","first-page":"1143","volume":"21","author":"SZH Naqvi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Naqvi, S. Z. H., Zainab, S. H., Hameed, A., Ahmed, S. & Ali, N. Mycogenesis of silver nanoparticles by different Aspergillus species. Sci. Iran. 21, 1143\u20131150 (2014).","journal-title":"Sci. Iran."},{"key":"10314_CR16","volume-title":"Microbiological tests","author":"M Cheesbrough","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cheesbrough, M. Microbiological tests 2nd edn. (Cambridge University Press, 2006).","edition":"2"},{"key":"10314_CR17","unstructured":"CLSI. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Testing. 30th ed. CLSI Supplement M100. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2020)."},{"key":"10314_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-019-0614-3","volume":"8","author":"A Wolfensberger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wolfensberger, A., Kuster, S. P., Marchesi, M., Zbinden, R. & Hombach, M. The effect of varying multidrug-resistence (MDR) definitions on rates of MDR gram-negative rods. Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control. 8, 193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13756-019-0614-3 (2019).","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control."},{"key":"10314_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3187","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.s49284","volume":"8","author":"SZ Naqvi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Naqvi, S. Z. et al. Combined efficacy of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles and different antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Int. J. Nanomedicine 8, 3187\u20133195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ijn.s49284 (2013).","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"10314_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12854","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49314-7","volume":"9","author":"NM Marsit","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marsit, N. M. et al. Validation and assessment of an antibiotic-based, aseptic decontamination manufacturing protocol for therapeutic, vacuum-dried human amniotic membrane. Sci. Rep. 9, 12854\u201312854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-49314-7 (2019).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10314_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-865020180020000006","volume":"33","author":"MBD Campelo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Campelo, M. B. D. et al. Effects of the application of the amniotic membrane in the healing process of skin wounds in rats. Acta Cir. Bras. 33, 144\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0102-865020180020000006 (2018).","journal-title":"Acta Cir. Bras."},{"key":"10314_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-952X.1000272","author":"B Ramesh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ramesh, B., Chandrasekaran, J., Jeevankumar, S., Jacob, G. & Cherian, K. Hybrid amniotic membrane dressing with green silver nanoparticles as bioengineered skin for wounds and burns: A pilot studies. J. Biotechnol. Biomater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2155-952X.1000272 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol. Biomater."},{"key":"10314_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000214207.06952.23","volume":"25","author":"R Mencucci","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mencucci, R., Menchini, U. & Dei, R. Antimicrobial activity of antibiotic-treated amniotic membrane: An in vitro study. Cornea 25, 428\u2013431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ico.0000214207.06952.23 (2006).","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"9","key":"10314_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-865020160090000002","volume":"31","author":"AL Cardoso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cardoso, A. L. et al. Adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction in the treatment of full thickness burns in rats. Acta Cir. Bras. 31(9), 578\u2013585 (2016).","journal-title":"Acta Cir. Bras."},{"key":"10314_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-019-2525-5","volume":"19","author":"MS Rahman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rahman, M. S. et al. Characterization of burn wound healing gel prepared from human amniotic membrane and Aloe vera extract. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 19, 115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-019-2525-5 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10314_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tavares Pereira, D. d. S., Lima-Ribeiro, M. H. M., de Pontes-Filho, N. T., Carneiro-Le\u00e3o, A. M. d. A. & Correia, M. T. d. S. Development of Animal Model for Studying Deep Second-Degree Thermal Burns. J. Biomed. Biotechnol. 2012, 460841 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/460841.","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/460841"},{"key":"10314_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01831","author":"TC Dakal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dakal, T. C., Kumar, A., Majumdar, R. S. & Yadav, V. Mechanistic basis of antimicrobial actions of silver nanoparticles. Front. Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01831 (2016).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10314_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4355","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24938","volume":"59","author":"J McDaniel","year":"2018","unstructured":"McDaniel, J., Johnson, A. & Zamora, D. O. Antibiotic loading of scco2 sterilized and lyophilized human amniotic membrane. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 59, 4355\u20134355 (2018).","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10314_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.09.015","volume":"14","author":"JM Khaled","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khaled, J. M. et al. A synergic action of colistin, imipenem, and silver nanoparticles against pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients. J. Infect. Public Health. 14, 1679\u20131685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.09.015 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Public Health."},{"key":"10314_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0224904","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224904","volume":"14","author":"R Vazquez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vazquez-Mu\u00f1oz, R. et al. Enhancement of antibiotics antimicrobial activity due to the silver nanoparticles impact on the cell membrane. PLoS ONE 14, e0224904\u2013e0224904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0224904 (2019).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10314_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01441","volume":"9","author":"PV Baptista","year":"2018","unstructured":"Baptista, P. V. et al. Nano-strategies to fight multidrug resistant bacteria-\"A Battle of the Titans\". Front. Microbiol. 9, 1441\u20131441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01441 (2018).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10314_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.03.019","volume":"17","author":"M Farahpour","year":"2015","unstructured":"Farahpour, M., Mirzakhani, N., Doostmohammadi, J. & Ebrahimzadeh, M. Hydroethanolic Pistacia atlantica hulls extract improved wound healing process; evidence for mast cells infiltration, angiogenesis and RNA stability. Int. J. Surg. 17, 88\u201398 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"10314_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3074","DOI":"10.4066\/biomedicalresearch.29-18-898","volume":"29","author":"GN Rani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rani, G. N., Rao, A., Shamili, M. & JyothiPadmaja, I. Combined effect of silver nanoparticles and honey in experimental wound healing process in rats. Biomed. Res. 29, 3074\u20133078 (2018).","journal-title":"Biomed. Res."},{"key":"10314_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-015-2194-9","volume":"25","author":"A Sedighi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sedighi, A., Mehrabani, D. & Shirazi, R. Histopathological evaluation of the healing effects of human amniotic membrane transplantation in third-degree burn wound injuries. Comp. Clin. Path. 25, 1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00580-015-2194-9 (2016).","journal-title":"Comp. Clin. Path."},{"key":"10314_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2018.12.043","volume":"564","author":"M Ghodrati","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghodrati, M., Farahpour, M. R. & Hamishehkar, H. Encapsulation of Peppermint essential oil in nanostructured lipid carriers: In-vitro antibacterial activity and accelerative effect on infected wound healing. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 564, 161\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2018.12.043 (2019).","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"10314_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.07.077","volume":"200","author":"A Oryan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oryan, A., Alemzadeh, E., Tashkhourian, J. & Nami-Ana, S. F. Topical delivery of chitosan-capped silver nanoparticles speeds up healing in burn wounds: A preclinical study. Carbohydr. Polym. 200, 82\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.07.077 (2018).","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-20203-w","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000}}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-10314-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-10314-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-10314-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T01:45:03Z","timestamp":1669340703000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-10314-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-10314-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 December 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 September 2022","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-20203-w","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-20203-w","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"6414"}}