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During a short period of a pulmonary plague epidemic in October 2017 in Madagascar, 12\u00a0K<jats:italic>. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates were identified in ten sputum and two buboes aspirate samples. These isolates were from 12 patients suspected of plague, without epidemiological relationships, but were negative for <jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic> in culture. Data were collected from the plague national surveillance system. The isolates were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing. Real-time PCR was performed to confirm the presence of <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> DNA in buboes. All isolates were identified as <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> sensu stricto. Five isolates were extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases producers; eleven different sequence types were identified. Five isolates belonged to known hypervirulent sequence types. Our results demonstrate community-acquired pneumonia caused by <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates in patients suspected of plague stressing the importance of bed-side differential diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-10799-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T12:04:51Z","timestamp":1651061091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients suspected of pulmonary or bubonic plague during the Madagascar epidemic in 2017"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Andriniaina","family":"Rakotondrasoa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lova Maminirina","family":"Andrianonimiadana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soloandry","family":"Rahajandraibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solohery","family":"Razafimahatratra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Voahangy","family":"Andrianaivoarimanana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soanandrasana","family":"Rahelinirina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Crucitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Brisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Jeannoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoarisoa","family":"Rajerison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marc","family":"Collard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"10799_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30730-8","volume":"19","author":"R Randremanana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Randremanana, R. et al. 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