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We aimed to identify altered fiber integrity from the thalamus to cortices in preterm infants with subclinical hypothyroidism. All preterm infants born were categorized according to thyroid stimulating hormone levels through serial thyroid function tests (36 preterm controls and 29 preterm infants with subclinical hypothyroidism). Diffusion tensor images were acquired to determine differences in thalamocortical fiber lengths between the groups, and cerebral asymmetries were investigated to observe neurodevelopmental changes. Thalamocortical fiber lengths in the subclinical hypothyroidism group were significantly reduced in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus, heschl\u2019s gyrus, lingual gyrus, and calcarine cortex (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). According to the asymmetric value in the orbitofrontal regions, there is a left dominance in the subclinical hypothyroidism group contrary to the controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012), and that of the cuneus areas showed significant decreases in the subclinical hypothyroidism group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035). These findings could reflect altered neurodevelopment, which could help treatment plans using biomarkers for subclinical hypothyroidism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-12864-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T10:03:01Z","timestamp":1654250581000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Abnormal thalamocortical connectivity of preterm infants with elevated thyroid stimulating hormone identified with diffusion tensor imaging"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yong Hun","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinsup","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangwoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyungmi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Yoon","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ja-Hye","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyuna","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bung-Nyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"12864_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-10-0444","volume":"209","author":"J Patel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Patel, J., Landers, K., Li, H., Mortimer, R. 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