{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T18:51:52Z","timestamp":1740163912566,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002661","name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant n\u00b0 F.4505.19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant n\u00b0 F.4505.19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The literature suggests that deaf individuals lag behind their hearing peers in terms of mathematical abilities. However, it is still unknown how unique sensorimotor experiences, like deafness, might shape number-space interactions. We still do not know either the spatial frame of reference deaf individuals use to map numbers onto space in different numerical tasks. To examine these issues, deaf, hearing signer and hearing control adults were asked to perform a number comparison and a parity judgment task with the hands uncrossed and crossed over the body midline. Deafness appears to selectively affect the performance of the numerical task relying on verbal processes while keeping intact the task relying on visuospatial processes. Indeed, while a classic SNARC effect was found in all groups and in both hand postures of the number comparison task, deaf adults did not show the SNARC effect in both hand postures of the parity judgment task. These results are discussed in light of the spatial component characterizing the counting system used in sign language.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-14728-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T09:03:09Z","timestamp":1656666189000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impact of deafness on numerical tasks implying visuospatial and verbal processes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Margot","family":"Buyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Vencato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Crollen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"14728_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.10.004","volume":"56","author":"S Dehaene","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dehaene, S. & Cohen, L. Cultural recycling of cortical maps. Neuron 56, 384\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.10.004 (2007).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"14728_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0096-1523.16.3.626","volume":"16","author":"S Dehaene","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dehaene, S., Dupoux, E. & Mehler, J. Is numerical comparison digital? Analogical and symbolic effects in two-digit number comparison. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 16, 626\u2013641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/\/0096-1523.16.3.626 (1990).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"14728_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03208063","volume":"45","author":"S Dehaene","year":"1989","unstructured":"Dehaene, S. The psychophysics of numerical comparison: a reexamination of apparently incompatible data. Percept. Psychophys. 45, 557\u2013566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/bf03208063 (1989).","journal-title":"Percept. Psychophys."},{"key":"14728_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(92)90049-n","volume":"44","author":"S Dehaene","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dehaene, S. Varieties of numerical abilities. Cognition 44, 1\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0010-0277(92)90049-n (1992).","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"14728_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.122.3.371","volume":"122","author":"S Dehaene","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dehaene, S., Bossini, S. & Giraux, P. The mental representation of parity and number magnitude. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 122, 371\u2013396 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Gen."},{"key":"14728_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1080\/13506280244000186","volume":"10","author":"M Fischer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fischer, M. Spatial representations in number processing\u2013evidence from a pointing task. Vis. Cogn. 10, 493\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13506280244000186 (2003).","journal-title":"Vis. Cogn."},{"key":"14728_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1066","volume":"6","author":"MH Fischer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fischer, M. H., Castel, A. D., Dodd, M. D. & Pratt, J. Perceiving numbers causes spatial shifts of attention. Nat. Neurosci. 6, 555\u2013556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn1066 (2003).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"14728_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1684","volume":"6","author":"EM Hubbard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hubbard, E. M., Piazza, M., Pinel, P. & Dehaene, S. Interactions between number and space in parietal cortex. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 6, 435\u2013448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1684 (2005).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"14728_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70219-3","volume":"42","author":"G Wood","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wood, G., Nuerk, H. & Willmes, K. Crossed hands and the SNARC effect: a failure to replicate Dehaene, Bossini and Giraux (1993). Cortex 42, 1069\u20131079 (2006).","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"14728_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017688","volume":"139","author":"W Gevers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gevers, W. et al. Verbal-spatial and visuospatial coding of number-space interactions. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 139, 180\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0017688 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Gen."},{"key":"14728_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.32.1.32","volume":"32","author":"W Gevers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gevers, W., Verguts, T., Reynvoet, B., Caessens, B. & Fias, W. Numbers and space: a computational model of the SNARC effect. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 32, 32\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0096-1523.32.1.32 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"14728_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.3.416","volume":"132","author":"R Proctor","year":"2006","unstructured":"Proctor, R. & Cho, Y. Polarity correspondence: a general principle for performance of speeded binary classification tasks. Psychol. Bull. 132, 416\u2013442 (2006).","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"14728_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2009.08.005","volume":"113","author":"J-P van Dijck","year":"2009","unstructured":"van Dijck, J.-P., Gevers, W. & Fias, W. Numbers are associated with different types of spatial information depending on the task. Cognition 113, 248\u2013253 (2009).","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"14728_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2008.01.002","volume":"128","author":"A Herrera","year":"2008","unstructured":"Herrera, A., Macizo, P. & Semenza, C. The role of working memory in the association between number magnitude and space. Acta Psychol. 128, 225\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2008.01.002 (2008).","journal-title":"Acta Psychol."},{"key":"14728_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00260","volume":"2","author":"MH Fischer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fischer, M. H. & Brugger, P. When digits help digits: spatial-numerical associations point to finger counting as prime example of embodied cognition. Front. Psychol. 2, 260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00260 (2011).","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"14728_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.08.007","volume":"36","author":"M Bonato","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bonato, M., Zorzi, M. & Umilta, C. When time is space: evidence for a mental time line. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 36, 2257\u20132273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.08.007 (2012).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"14728_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.09.005","volume":"57","author":"B Winter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Winter, B., Matlock, T., Shaki, S. & Fischer, M. H. Mental number space in three dimensions. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 57, 209\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.09.005 (2015).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"14728_CR18","volume-title":"A Prosodic Model of Sign Language Phonology","author":"D Brentari","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brentari, D. A Prosodic Model of Sign Language Phonology (MIT Press, 1998)."},{"key":"14728_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139163910","volume-title":"Sign Language and Linguistic Universals","author":"W Sandler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sandler, W. & Lillo-Martin, D. C. Sign Language and Linguistic Universals (Cambridge University Press, 2006)."},{"key":"14728_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Padden, C. A. & Perlmutter, D. M. in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 335\u2013375 (1987).","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00134553"},{"key":"14728_CR21","first-page":"177","volume":"27","author":"A Chinello","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chinello, A., de Hevia, M. D., Geraci, C. & Girelli, L. Finding the spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) in signed numbers: notational effects in accessing number representation. Funct. Neurol. 27, 177\u2013185 (2012).","journal-title":"Funct. Neurol."},{"key":"14728_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1080\/23273798.2019.1616103","volume":"34","author":"J Andin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Andin, J., Fransson, P., Dahlstr\u00f6m, \u00d6., R\u00f6nnberg, J. & Rudner, M. The neural basis of arithmetic and phonology in deaf signing individuals. Lang. Cogn. Neurosci. 34, 813\u2013825 (2019).","journal-title":"Lang. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"14728_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buyle, M., Marlair, C. & Crollen, V. in Blindness and Deafness: A Window to Study the Visual and Verbal Basis of the Number Sense (eds Fritz, A., G\u00fcrsoy, E. & Herzog, M.) 265\u2013288 (De Gruyter, 2021).","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110661941-014"},{"key":"14728_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/7.2.120","volume":"7","author":"T Nunes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nunes, T. & Moreno, C. An intervention program for promoting deaf pupils\u2019 achievement in mathematics. J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ. 7, 120\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/deafed\/7.2.120 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ."},{"key":"14728_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2005.01.004","volume":"15","author":"R Bull","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bull, R., Marschark, M. & Blatto-Vallee, G. SNARC hunting: examining number representation in deaf students. Learn. Individ. Differ. 15, 223\u2013236 (2005).","journal-title":"Learn. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"14728_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2014.03.015","volume":"32","author":"J Andin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andin, J., R\u00f6nnberg, J. & Rudner, M. Deaf signers use phonology to do arithmetic. Learn. Individ. Differ. 32, 246\u2013253 (2014).","journal-title":"Learn. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"14728_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enn040","volume":"14","author":"T Nunes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nunes, T. et al. Deaf children\u2019s informal knowledge of multiplicative reasoning. J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ. 14, 260\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/deafed\/enn040 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ."},{"key":"14728_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/eng006","volume":"8","author":"RR Kelly","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kelly, R. R., Lang, H. G., Mousley, K. & Davis, S. M. Deaf college students\u2019 comprehension of relational language in arithmetic compare problems. J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ. 8, 120\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/deafed\/eng006 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ."},{"key":"14728_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2012.0599","volume":"140","author":"C Serrano Pau","year":"1995","unstructured":"Serrano Pau, C. The deaf child and solving problems of arithmetic: The importance of comprehensive reading. Am. Ann. Deaf 140, 287\u2013290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/aad.2012.0599 (1995).","journal-title":"Am. Ann. Deaf"},{"key":"14728_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2012.0582","volume":"140","author":"JC Titus","year":"1995","unstructured":"Titus, J. C. The concept of fractional number among deaf and hard of hearing students. Am. Ann. Deaf 140, 255\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/aad.2012.0582 (1995).","journal-title":"Am. Ann. Deaf"},{"key":"14728_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/s0010-9452(08)70940-7","volume":"40","author":"W Iversen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Iversen, W., Nuerk, H. C. & Willmes, K. Do signers think differently? The processing of number parity in deaf participants. Cortex 40, 176\u2013178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0010-9452(08)70940-7 (2004).","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"14728_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.04.021","volume":"90","author":"L Rinaldi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rinaldi, L., Merabet, L. B., Vecchi, T. & Cattaneo, Z. The spatial representation of number, time, and serial order following sensory deprivation: a systematic review. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 90, 371\u2013380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.04.021 (2018).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"14728_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2011.11.006","volume":"49","author":"V Crollen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Crollen, V., Dormal, G., Seron, X., Lepore, F. & Collignon, O. Embodied numbers: the role of vision in the development of number-space interactions. Cortex 49, 276\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cortex.2011.11.006 (2013).","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"14728_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enj038","volume":"11","author":"R Bull","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bull, R., Blatto-Vallee, G. & Fabich, M. Subitizing, magnitude representation, and magnitude retrieval in deaf and hearing adults. J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ. 11, 289\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/deafed\/enj038 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ."},{"key":"14728_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.2002.2660","volume":"81","author":"J Leybaert","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leybaert, J. & Van Cutsem, M. N. Counting in sign language. J. Exp. Child Psychol. 81, 482\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jecp.2002.2660 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Child Psychol."},{"key":"14728_CR36","unstructured":"Dye, M. W. G. & A Shih, S.-I. in Laboratory Phonology 8: Varieties of Phonological Competence (eds Louis Goldstein, D. H. E. Whalen, & Catherine T. E. Best) 243\u2013263 (Mouton de Gruyter, 2006)."},{"key":"14728_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2010.11.006","volume":"118","author":"JP Morford","year":"2011","unstructured":"Morford, J. P., Wilkinson, E., Villwock, A., Pi\u00f1ar, P. & Kroll, J. F. When deaf signers read English: do written words activate their sign translations?. Cognition 118, 286\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2010.11.006 (2011).","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"14728_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03201164","volume":"26","author":"M Wilson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wilson, M. & Emmorey, K. A \u201cword length effect\u201dfor sign language: further evidence for the role of language in structuring working memory. Mem. Cogn. 26, 584\u2013590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BF03201164 (1998).","journal-title":"Mem. Cogn."},{"key":"14728_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12880","DOI":"10.1111\/cogs.12880","volume":"44","author":"S Hochman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hochman, S., Cohen, Z. Z., Ben-Shachar, M. S. & Henik, A. Tactile enumeration and embodied numerosity among the deaf. Cogn. Sci. 44, e12880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cogs.12880 (2020).","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-14728-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-14728-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-14728-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T06:27:53Z","timestamp":1669357673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-14728-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["14728"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-14728-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2045-2322"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"11150"}}