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We investigated the association of <jats:italic>P.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>gingivalis<\/jats:italic> infection with the risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis progression. Here, hematological tests, periodontal examination, and saliva collection were performed for 164 patients with NAFLD. <jats:italic>P.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>gingivalis<\/jats:italic> was identified in saliva using polymerase chain reaction. Hepatic steatosis and stiffness were evaluated using vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) and magnetic resonance imaging. In patients with NAFLD, <jats:italic>P.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>gingivalis<\/jats:italic> positivity (<jats:italic>P.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>gingivalis<\/jats:italic> ratio\u2009\u2265\u20090.01%) in saliva correlated with liver stiffness determined using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). A <jats:italic>P.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>gingivalis<\/jats:italic> ratio of 0.01% corresponds to 100,000 cells\/mL and indicates the proportion of <jats:italic>P.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>gingivalis<\/jats:italic> in the total number of bacteria in the oral cavity. Patients with NAFLD and advanced fibrosis on MRE showed significantly elevated endotoxin activity; those who had\u2009&gt;\u200910 periodontal pockets with depths\u2009\u2265\u20094\u00a0mm had significantly increased hepatic stiffness on both VCTE and MRE. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17917-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T16:02:22Z","timestamp":1660147342000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A cross-sectional study assessing the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and periodontal disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Satsuki","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3801-6353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yohei","family":"Kamata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaomi","family":"Kessoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Kurihashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Takashiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazu","family":"Hatanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobushiro","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiro","family":"Kodama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuma","family":"Higurashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masataka","family":"Taguri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Yoneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruki","family":"Usuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiya","family":"Morozumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Minabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"17917_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x","volume":"34","author":"G Vernon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vernon, G., Baranova, A. & Younossi, Z. 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