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Since\u00a0the\u00a0results obtained\u00a0are method-dependent and not directly comparable, the clinical utility of\u00a0MMP-9 measurement\u00a0in FXS\u00a0remains unclear.\u00a0This study aimed\u00a0to compare quantitative gel zymography and ELISA and to determine which method better discriminates abnormal MMP-9 levels of individuals with FXS from\u00a0healthy\u00a0controls and correlates with the clinical profile. The active and total forms of MMP-9 were quantified respectively, by gel zymography and ELISA in a cohort of FXS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923) and healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920). The clinical profile was assessed for\u00a0the FXS\u00a0group\u00a0using the Aberrant Behavior\u00a0Checklist FXS adapted version (ABC-C<jats:sub>FX<\/jats:sub>), Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS), Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), and\u00a0Anxiety\u00a0Depression and\u00a0Mood\u00a0Scale questionnaires. Method\u00a0comparison\u00a0showed\u00a0a\u00a0disagreement between gel zymography and ELISA with a constant error of\u2009\u2212\u20090.18 [95% CI:\u2009\u2212\u20090.35 to\u2009\u2212\u20090.02] and a proportional error of 2.31 [95% CI: 1.53 to 3.24].\u00a0Plasma\u00a0level of MMP-9\u00a0active form was\u00a0significantly\u00a0higher in FXS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912)\u00a0as compared to\u00a0their age-sex and BMI matched\u00a0controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912)\u00a0(<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.039) and correlated with ABC-C<jats:sub>FX<\/jats:sub> (r<jats:sub><jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.60; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.039) and ADAMS (r<jats:sub><jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.57;\u00a0<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043)\u00a0scores. As compared to the plasma total form, the plasma MMP-9 active form better enables the discrimination of individuals with FXS from controls\u00a0and correlates with\u00a0the clinical\u00a0profile. Our results highlight the importance of choosing the appropriate method to quantify plasma MMP-9 in future FXS clinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19476-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T16:02:24Z","timestamp":1663084944000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Clinical significance of\u00a0matrix metalloproteinase-9 in Fragile X Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Asma","family":"Laroui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Galarneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armita","family":"Abolghasemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rine","family":"Benachenhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalie","family":"Plantef\u00e8ve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima Zahra","family":"Bouchouirab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Lepage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Corbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artuela","family":"\u00c7aku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"19476_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10658","volume":"480","author":"BD Auerbach","year":"2011","unstructured":"Auerbach, B. 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