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A sum of 239 food samples was collected from these locations, and\u00a0<jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\u00a0(Lm) was isolated in line with the recommended techniques by the International Organization for Standardization EN ISO 11290:2017 parts 1 and 2. Identification of the pathogen and detection of various associated virulence genes was done using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques. From the RTE food samples processed, Lm was detected in 107 (44.77%) of the samples. Russian sausage was the most contaminated (78.57%), followed by sliced polony (61.90%), muffins (58.33%), polony (52.63%), and pies (52.38%), while all vetkoek samples examined were negative for Lm. Although the prevalence of Lm in the food samples was very high, concentrations were generally\u2009&lt;\u2009100\u00a0CFU\/g. Strains of Lm recovered from the RTE foods were predominantly epidemiological strains belonging to serotypes 1\/2a, 1\/2b and 4b. The prevalence of 10 virulence genes including the\u00a0<jats:italic>inl<\/jats:italic>A<jats:italic>, Inl<\/jats:italic>C, <jats:italic>inl<\/jats:italic>J, <jats:italic>plc<\/jats:italic>A, <jats:italic>hly<\/jats:italic>A<jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>plc<\/jats:italic>B, <jats:italic>prf<\/jats:italic>A, <jats:italic>mpl, inl<\/jats:italic>B<jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>act<\/jats:italic>A were detected among Lm isolates. Most of the isolates (69.07%) demonstrated the potential for biofilm formation and were categorized as weak (14.95%), moderate (13.40%) and strong (40.72) biofilm formers. Furthermore, molecular typing revealed high levels of genetic diversity among Lm isolates. The findings of this investigation suggested that the presence of\u00a0Lm\u00a0in the RTE foods may constitute potential threats to the food sector and could pose public health hazards to consumers, particularly the high-risk group of the population. We, therefore, recommend that adequate food monitoring for safety and proper regulation enforcement in the food sector must be ensured to avoid any future listeriosis outbreak that could be linked to RTE foods in South Africa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-20175-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T09:11:02Z","timestamp":1669194662000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Assessment of the molecular epidemiology and genetic multiplicity of Listeria monocytogenes recovered from ready-to-eat foods following the South African listeriosis outbreak"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Adeoye John","family":"Kayode","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony Ifeanyi","family":"Okoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"20175_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ray, B. & Bhunia, A. 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