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However, these methods may delay diagnosis and treatment time. Therefore, we aimed to screen for serological molecular markers for the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy (EP).Using data-independent acquisition (DIA)proteomics, the differential proteins in serum were selected between the intrauterine pregnancy (IP) and EP groups. Then, the expression levels of these differential proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diagnostic value of the serum biomarkers was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.GSTO1, ECM-1 and \u03b2-hCG showed significant differences between the EP and IP groups (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The combination of GSTO1\/ECM-1\/\u03b2-hCG had an area under the curve of 0.93 (95% CI 0.88\u20130.99), a sensitivity of 88.89% (95% CI 73.94\u201396.89) and a specificity of 86.11% (95% CI 70.50\u201395.33) with a likelihood ratio of 6.40.The combination of GSTO1\/ECM-1\/\u03b2-hCG may be developed into a possible approach for the early diagnosis of EP.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23374-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T08:43:57Z","timestamp":1669020237000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Identification of noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for ectopic pregnancy using data-independent acquisition (DIA)proteomics: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiqing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunlong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengqi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"23374_CR1","first-page":"599","volume":"101","author":"E Hendriks","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hendriks, E., Rosenberg, R. & Prine, L. 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