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It is unknown if this is also true for subjects with NAFLD with lesser degrees of obesity (BMI\u2009&lt;\u200935\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). Thirty-two subjects with biopsy-proven NAFLD and 15 non-diabetic controls matched for BMI underwent fine-needle biopsies of SAT. Adipocyte volume was calculated. RNA-sequencing of SAT was performed in a subset of 20 NAFLD patients. Adipocyte volume and gene expression levels were correlated to the presence of NASH or significant fibrosis. Subjects with NAFLD had larger adipocyte volume compared with controls, (1939\u00a0pL, 95% CI 1130\u20131662 vs. 854\u00a0pL, 95% CI 781\u2013926, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There was no association between adipocyte volume and the presence of NASH. Gene expression of adipokines previously\u00a0described to correlate with NASH in morbid obesity, was not associated with NASH or fibrosis. Our results suggest that persons\u00a0with NAFLD have larger SAT adipocytes compared with controls and\u00a0that adipocytes are involved in the pathophysiology of hepatic steatosis in NAFLD. However, adipocyte volume was not associated with NASH or fibrosis in NAFLD subjects with varying degrees of obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24482-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T18:06:08Z","timestamp":1669658768000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Associations between subcutaneous adipocyte hypertrophy and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Magnus","family":"Holmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannes","family":"Hagstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olof","family":"Danielsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Aouadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Ryd\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"St\u00e5l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"24482_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431","volume":"64","author":"ZM Younossi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Younossi, Z. 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