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This community-based prospective cohort study included 13,913 individuals aged\u2009\u2265\u200950\u00a0years from the Health and Retirement Study. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the associations between cystatin C concentrations and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular and cancer mortality after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, self-reported medical history, and other potential confounding factors. During a total of 71,988 person-years of follow-up (median: 5.8\u00a0years; interquartile range 3.3\u20137.6\u00a0years), 1893 all-cause deaths were documented, including 714 cardiovascular-related and 406 cancer-related deaths. The comparisons of the groups with the highest (quartile 4) and lowest (quartile 1) cystatin C concentrations revealed that the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 1.92 (1.62\u20132.28) for all-cause mortality, 1.98 (1.48\u20132.65) for cardiovascular mortality, and 1.62 (1.13\u20132.32) for cancer mortality. The associations of cystatin C concentrations with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality did not differ substantially when participants were stratified by sex, age, BMI, current smoking status, current alcohol consumption, and regular exercise (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> for interactions\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Our study indicates that an elevated plasma cystatin C concentration is associated with an increased risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality both men and women among the middle-aged and elderly individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24722-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T17:19:09Z","timestamp":1671815949000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Association of plasma cystatin C with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged and elderly individuals: a prospective community-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jinhua","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuemei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linli","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zejin","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiying","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10075","key":"24722_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32064-5","volume":"389","author":"AC Webster","year":"2017","unstructured":"Webster, A. 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