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The objective of our study was to determine the incidence and the risk factors that influenced ROP development and progression. We retrospectively compiled data of preterms with birth weight (BW)\u2009\u2264\u20091.500\u00a0g and\/or gestational age (GA)\u2009&lt;\u200932\u00a0weeks, or BW between 1.501 and 2.000\u00a0g and\/or GA\u2009\u2265\u200932\u00a0weeks with oxygen supply\u2009&gt;\u200972\u00a0h or unstable clinical course screened for ROP in Regional University Hospital of M\u00e1laga from 2015 to 2018. 202 infants (44.7%) developed ROP and 66 exhibited progression (32.7% of ROP infants). In the univariate analysis, many risk factors were associated with ROP. In the subsequent multivariate analysis, GA, oxygen therapy and weight at 28\u00a0days of life, mechanical ventilation duration, non-invasive ventilation, surfactant administration and late-onset sepsis were independently associated with the development. However, oxygen therapy duration, late-onset sepsis and weight at 28\u00a0days were associated with the progression. The ROP development and progression risk factors were different. Our results are important to facilitate screening, early diagnosis and ROP treatment while reducing unneeded examinations.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26229-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T11:06:16Z","timestamp":1671534376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Risk factors associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity development and progression"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nieves","family":"de las Rivas Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Luque Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Rius D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"P\u00e9rez Fr\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"S\u00e1nchez Tamayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"26229_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(42)92088-9","volume":"25","author":"TL Terry","year":"1942","unstructured":"Terry, T. 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