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IL-1\u03b2 contributes to cardio-metabolic decline, and may promote hepatic oncogenic transformation. Therefore, IL-1\u03b2 is a potential therapeutic target in these pathologies. We aimed to investigate the hepatic and cardiac effects of an IL-1\u03b2 targeting monoclonal antibody in an aged mouse model of NASH. 24\u00a0months old male C57Bl\/6J mice were fed with control or choline deficient (CDAA) diet and were treated with isotype control or anti-IL-1\u03b2 Mab for 8\u00a0weeks. Cardiac functions were assessed by conventional\u2014and 2D speckle tracking echocardiography. Liver samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Echocardiography revealed improved cardiac diastolic function in anti-IL-1\u03b2 treated mice with NASH. Marked hepatic fibrosis developed in CDAA-fed group, but IL-1\u03b2 inhibition affected fibrosis only at transcriptomic level. Hepatic inflammation was not affected by the IL-1\u03b2 inhibitor. PCNA staining revealed intensive hepatocyte proliferation in CDAA-fed animals, which was not influenced by neutralization of IL-1\u03b2. IL-1\u03b2 inhibition increased hepatic expression of <jats:italic>Pd-1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Ctla4<\/jats:italic>, while <jats:italic>Pd-l1<\/jats:italic> expression increased in NASH. In conclusion, IL-1\u03b2 inhibition improved cardiac diastolic function, but did not ameliorate features of NASH; moreover, even promoted hepatic immune checkpoint expression, with concomitant NASH-related hepatocellular proliferation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26896-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]],"date-time":"2023-01-07T11:03:54Z","timestamp":1673089434000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["IL-1\u03b2 neutralization prevents diastolic dysfunction development, but lacks hepatoprotective effect in an aged mouse model of NASH"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"D\u00e1niel","family":"Kucsera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikt\u00f3ria E.","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabil V.","family":"Sayour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"Kov\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s G.","family":"Gergely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mih\u00e1ly","family":"Ruppert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"Radovits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"F\u00e1bi\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Kov\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9la","family":"Merkely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Ferdinandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n V.","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"26896_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431","volume":"64","author":"ZM Younossi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Younossi, Z. 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