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Such neuroinflammation might persist for years if the infection is not resolved, resulting in harmful outcomes for the brain. We have previously demonstrated the efficacy of immunotherapy targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway on clearance of <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> tissue cysts. We aimed to test whether parasite clearance would lead to the resolution of neuroinflammation in infected brains. We established chronic <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> infection in BALB\/c mice using the cyst-forming Prugniaud strain. Mice then received \u03b1PD-L1 or isotype control antibodies. After completion of the therapy, mice were euthanized six weeks later. The number of brain tissue cysts, <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>-specific CD8\u2009+\u2009T cell proliferation and IFN-\u03b3 secretion, serum cytokine and chemokine levels, and CNS inflammation were measured. In \u03b1PD-L1-treated mice, we observed reduced brain tissue cysts, increased spleen weight, elevated IFN-\u03b3 production by antigen-specific CD8\u2009+\u2009T cells, and a general increase in multiple serum cytokines and chemokines. Importantly, \u03b1PD-L1-treated mice displayed attenuation of meningeal lymphocytes, reactive astrocytes, and C1q expression. The reduction in inflammation-related proteins is correlated with reduced parasite burden. These results suggest that promoting systemic immunity results in parasite clearance, which in turn alleviates neuroinflammation. 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