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TBE human case data reported between 2010 and 2021 were aggregated into postal codes within \u00d6rebro County, south-central Sweden, along with tick abundance and environmental data to analyse spatial patterns and identify drivers of TBE. We identified a substantial and continuing increase of TBE incidence in \u00d6rebro County during the study period. Spatial cluster analyses showed significant hotspots (higher number of cases than expected) in the southern and northern parts of \u00d6rebro County, whereas a cold spot (lower number of cases than expected) was found in the central part comprising \u00d6rebro municipality. Generalised linear models showed that the risk of acquiring TBE increased by 12.5% and 72.3% for every percent increase in relative humidity and proportion of wetland forest, respectively, whereas the risk decreased by 52.8% for every degree Celsius increase in annual temperature range. However, models had relatively low goodness of fit (R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.27). Results suggest that TBE in \u00d6rebro County is spatially clustered, however variables used in this study, i.e., climatic variables, forest cover, water, tick abundance, sheep as indicator species, alone do not explain this pattern.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-34675-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T10:02:38Z","timestamp":1683799358000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Potential drivers of human tick-borne encephalitis in the \u00d6rebro region of Sweden, 2010\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lene Jung","family":"Kj\u00e6r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per-Eric","family":"Lindgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Asghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Wilhelmsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Fredlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeleine","family":"Christensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9lie","family":"Wallenhammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"B\u00f8dker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunl\u00f8g","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petter","family":"Kjellander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"34675_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.03.013","volume":"22","author":"R Kaiser","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kaiser, R. 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