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In this study, we engineered self-assembling chitosan-ceftazidime nanoparticles (CSCE) capable of effectively penetrating biofilms and eradicating\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginos<\/jats:italic>\n                    a. The CSCE nanoparticles were synthesized through ionic cross-linking, combining negatively charged ceftazidime with positively charged chitosan, resulting in uniform nanoparticles measuring approximately 40\u00a0nm in diameter, exhibiting high dispersity and excellent biocompatibility. Remarkably, these nanoparticles exhibited significant inhibition of\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth, reduced pyocyanin production, and diminished biofilm formation, achieving a maximum inhibition rate of 22.44%. Furthermore, in vivo investigations demonstrated enhanced survival in mice with abdominal\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection following treatment with CSCE nanoparticles, accompanied by reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6 (125.79\u2009\u00b1\u200918.63\u00a0pg\/mL), Interleukin-17 (125.67\u2009\u00b1\u20095.94\u00a0pg\/mL), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 (135.4\u2009\u00b1\u200911.77\u00a0pg\/mL). Critically, mice treated with CSCE nanoparticles showed no presence of bacteria in the bloodstream following intraperitoneal\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential of these synthesized nanoparticles as effective agents against\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-40653-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T11:42:54Z","timestamp":1692358974000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ceftazidime-assisted synthesis of ultrasmall chitosan nanoparticles for biofilm penetration and eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiaoran","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangquan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuqi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingfei","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunlei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"40653_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22063128","author":"I Jurado-Mart\u00edn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jurado-Mart\u00edn, I., Sainz-Mej\u00edas, M. & McClean, S. 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