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This retrospective cohort study included continuous new-onset CRAO patients and 1:4 controls during the same period. Correlations of CRAO with the incidence of MACCE during follow-up and the sex-related differences were studied. One hundred and twenty-four CRAO patients and four hundred and ninety-six controls were enrolled. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, P\u2009=\u20090.014) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, P\u2009=\u20090.038) were tended to be higher in CRAO patients. After the follow-up period, 78 patients experienced MACCE. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CRAO was a predictor of the occurrence of MACCE (HR 2.321, 95% CI 1.439\u20133.744, P\u2009=\u20090.001). Sex subgroups indicated that age, diabetes, current smoking, CRAO, NLR and hs-CRP increased the risk factor of MACCE in males (All P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and CRAO, NLR, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and hs-CRP were independent influencing factors for females (All P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). New-onset CRAO significantly increases the probability of MACCE and is associated with a poor prognosis. The sex-related differences suggested that effective prevention of the occurrence of MACCE in high-risk patients requires that attention be given to individualized risk factors corresponding to sexes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-42247-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T06:02:24Z","timestamp":1694412144000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sex differences in major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event risk among central retinal artery occlusion patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuedan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuejie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqing","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"42247_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2011.05.001","volume":"30","author":"SS Hayreh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hayreh, S. 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