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In this observational, prospective pilot study, 88 prophylactic treatment-na\u00efve patients with episodic and chronic migraine and 56 healthy sex\/age matched controls underwent ultrasonography exams and blood tests at baseline, and again in the migraine patients after 3\u00a0months\u2019 treatment with metoprolol or topiramate. Biomarkers for endothelial function and oxidative stress were analyzed. At baseline, patients with migraine in the low-frequency episodic group had differences exclusively in nitrates 17.6 versus 27.33\u00a0\u00b5M; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046 compared to the controls. However, when comparing the group comprised of patients with high-frequency episodic migraine and chronic migraine versus controls, statistically significant differences appeared in hsCRP 2.68 versus 1.64\u00a0mg\/dL; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049, vWF antigen (133% vs. 110%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020, vWF activity (111% vs. 90%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010) and isoprostane levels (181 vs. 238\u00a0\u00b5M; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05). Only in the chronic migraine subgroup did we found statistically significant differences in CIMT (0.60 vs. 0.54\u00a0mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.042) which were significantly greater than in the controls. After treatment, patients who respond to preventive treatment exhibited significantly higher levels of nitrates (24.2\u201313.8\u00a0\u00b5M; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022) and nitrites (10.4\u20133.43\u00a0\u00b5M; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) compared than non-responders. Moreover, biomarker levels improved in treatment-responsive patients with migraine; hsCRP levels decreased from 2.54 to 1.69\u00a0mg\/dL (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), vWF activity levels decreased from 124 to 103\u00a0IU\/dL (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003) and prothrombin activity decreased from 1.01 to 0.93 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01). These differences were also observed in the high-frequency and chronic migraine subgroup and reach statistical significance in the case of hsCRP, which decreased from 2.12 to 0.83\u00a0mg\/dL (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048). Patients with migraines have differences in biomarker levels compared to controls, suggesting endothelial and oxidative dysfunction. The greatest differences in biomarker levels compared to controls are observed in migraine patients in the high-frequency and chronic migraine subgroups. Based on our results, preventive treatment is capable of modifying markers of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in migraine patients, even in cases of chronic and high-frequency migraine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44522-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T17:02:17Z","timestamp":1699462937000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prophylactic treatment can modify vascular risk biomarkers in high-frequency episodic and chronic migraine patients: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6387-8764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Mingot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4141-7705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Santos Lasaosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0544-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Col\u00e0s Camp\u00e0s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7785-494X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Chilangua Canaval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0738-5578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Gil S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5871-6189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Brieva Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6085-2158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Cristina","family":"Marzo Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9537-4587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Peralta Moncusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4806-7568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan","family":"Valls Marsal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3831-3884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seraf\u00ed","family":"Cambray Carner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1808-5968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Purroy Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"44522_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(18)30322-3","volume":"17","author":"GBD 2016 Headache Collaborators","year":"2018","unstructured":"GBD 2016 Headache Collaborators. 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