{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T06:12:23Z","timestamp":1785046343574,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,11]],"date-time":"2023-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699660800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,11]],"date-time":"2023-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To evaluate the efficacy of remimazolam pretreatment in preventing propofol-induced injection pain (PIP) in patients undergoing gastroscopy. One hundred and forty patients (ASA I\u2013II, aged 18\u201365\u00a0years, BMI 18\u201328\u00a0kg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) who were to undergo gastroscopy were randomized into either a saline group (group S) or a remimazolam group (group R) (n\u2009=\u200970 for each) on a computer-generated random number basis. The patients in group S received normal saline (0.1\u00a0ml\/kg) and those in group R were administered remimazolam (0.1\u00a0mg\/kg) via intravenous infusion for 60\u00a0s. 30\u00a0s after the injection of normal saline or remimazolam, patients received intravenously propofol (0.5\u00a0ml\/s) until loss of consciousness. A different anesthesiologist who was unaware of the pretreatment was responsible for maintaining the outcome. The primary endpoint of our study was the incidence of PIP, which was measured using a 4-point scale. Secondary endpoints include the intensity of PIP, vital signs, characteristics of surgery and recovery, and adverse events. The incidence of PIP was significantly lower in group R than in group S (13\n                    <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                    51%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and a lower percentage of patients presented with moderate PIP (3\n                    <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                    20%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Moreover, lower consumption of propofol, shorter recovery time, and greater patient satisfaction were observed in group R than in group S. Pretreatment with remimazolam can effectively reduce the incidence and intensity of PIP in gastroscopy and shorten the recovery time without severe adverse effects.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Clinical Trials Registration: Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (identifier: ChiCTR2200063793). Registry time: 16\/09\/2022. Registry name: Efficacy of Pre-Treatment with Remimazolam on Prevention of Propofol-Induced Injection Pain in Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy. The date of patient enrollment began from 2022-9-17 to 2022-10-10. The link to the registration:\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.html?proj=176004\">https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.html?proj=176004<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-47151-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,11]],"date-time":"2023-11-11T05:01:43Z","timestamp":1699678903000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Efficacy of pretreatment with remimazolam on prevention of propofol-induced injection pain in patients undergoing gastroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"chictr2200063793","registry":"10.18810\/chictr"}],"author":[{"given":"Ruimei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingfei","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunhai","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanjun","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"47151_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.06.042","volume":"137","author":"DK Rex","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rex, D. 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