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In Mexico, information on this microorganism is limited. The aim of this study was to detect <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> using two genomic targets in a real-time PCR and IgM\/IgG serology assays in paediatric patients with CAP at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City and to describe their clinical characteristics, radiological features, and outcomes. A total of 154 hospitalized patients with diagnosis of CAP were included. Detection of <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> was performed by real-time PCR of the <jats:italic>pst<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>arg<\/jats:italic> genes. Complete blood cell count, C-reactive protein measurement and IgM and IgG detection were performed. Clinical-epidemiological and radiological data from the patients were collected. <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> was detected in 25 patients (16%), of whom 88% had underlying disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014). Forty-eight percent of the cases occurred in spring, 36% in girls, and 40% in children older than 6\u00a0years. All patients had cough, and 88% had fever. Interstitial pattern on chest-X-ray was the most frequent (68%), consolidation was observed in 32% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). IgM was positive in 7% and IgG in 28.6%. Thirty-six percent presented complications. Four percent died. A high proportion showed co-infection with <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (64%). This is the first clinical report of <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> as a cause of CAP in Mexican paediatric patients, using two genomic target strategy and serology. We found a frequency of 16.2% with predominance in children under 6\u00a0years of age. In addition; cough and fever were the most common symptoms. Early detection of this pathogen allows timely initiation of specific antimicrobial therapy to reduce development of complications. This study is one of the few to describe the presence of <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> in patients with underlying diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-48701-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T04:19:10Z","timestamp":1701836350000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Chlamydophila pneumoniae-associated community-acquired pneumonia in paediatric patients of a tertiary care hospital in Mexico: molecular diagnostic and clinical insights"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jocelin","family":"Merida Vieyra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agust\u00edn","family":"De Colsa Ranero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Palacios Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiharu","family":"Murata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Aquino Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"48701_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2016.1174356","volume":"12","author":"R DeAntonio","year":"2016","unstructured":"DeAntonio, R. et al. 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