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Dielectric barrier dielectric (DBD) plasma was used to treat the prepared samples at various dose rates (2, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9\u00a0min) and at fixed power input (2\u00a0kV, 50\u00a0kHz). The treated samples (PVA\/PVP:GO\u00a0wt%)\u00a0were soaked in a solution of styrene and tetrahydrofuran (70:30\u00a0wt%) with 5\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0g of benzoyl peroxide as an initiator in an oven at 60\u00a0\u00b0C for 12\u00a0h and then sulfonated to create protonic membranes\u00a0(PVA\/PVP-g-PSSA:GO). The impacts of graphene oxide (GO) on the physical, chemical, and electrochemical properties of plasma-treated PVA\/PVP-g-PSSA:x wt% GO membranes (x\u2009=\u20090, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) were investigated using different techniques. SEM results showed a better dispersion of nanocomposite-prepared membranes; whereas the AFM results showed an increase in total roughness with increasing the content of GO. FTIR spectra provide more information about the structural variation arising from the grafting and sulfonation processes to confirm their occurrence. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the PVA\/PVP-g-PSSA:x wt% GO composite is semi-crystalline. As the level of GO mixing rises, the crystallinity of the mixes decreases. According to the TGA curve, the PVA\/PVP-g-PSSA:x wt%\u00a0GO membranes are chemically stable up to 180\u00a0\u00b0C which is suitable for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Water uptake (WU) was also measured and found to decrease from 87.6 to 63.3% at equilibrium with increasing GO content. Ion exchange capacity (IEC) was calculated, and the maximum IEC value was 1.91\u00a0meq\/g for the PVA\/PVP-g-PSSA: 0.3\u00a0wt% GO composite membrane. At room temperature, the maximum proton conductivity was 98.9\u00a0mS\/cm for PVA\/PVP-g-PSSA: 0.3\u00a0wt% GO membrane. In addition, the same sample recorded a methanol permeability of 1.03\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s, which is much less than that of Nafion NR-212 (1.63\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s). These results imply potential applications for modified polyelectrolytic membranes in fuel cell technology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-51237-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T11:02:26Z","timestamp":1704970946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Effect of Plasma pretreatment and Graphene oxide ratios on the transport properties of PVA\/PVP membranes for fuel cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"M. 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