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Using data from the National Health Insurance Service database spanning 2008 to 2018, incident SLE patients aged 18\u00a0years and above were selected along with a 1:4 age- and sex-matched control group. The crude incidence rate (IR) of MACE was calculated as the number of events per 1000 person-years and the IR ratio (IRR) for MACE was adjusted using generalized estimating equations. Subgroup analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk differences of overall MACE and its composites based on age and sex stratification. The study included 8568 SLE patients and 34,272 controls. The cumulative IR of MACE per 1000 person-years in SLE patients and controls were 4.08 and 1.30, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, SLE patients had a higher risk of MACE compared to the general population (adjusted IRR of 2.40 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.88\u20133.05]), with no gender differences observed. The increased risk of MACE in SLE patients was highest in the 18\u201339 age group (IRR 11.70, 95% CI 5.95\u201323.01) and gradually decreased with age. The increased risk of ischemic stroke (IRR 2.41, 95% CI 1.84\u20133.15) and myocardial infarction (IRR 2.19, 95% CI 1.30\u20133.68) in SLE patients was comparable. The risk of MACE in SLE patients is 2.40 times higher than that of the general population, with a higher relative risk observed in younger individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-51546-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T06:02:26Z","timestamp":1704952946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Increased cardiovascular risk in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jung-Yong","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo-Kyung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoungyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yena","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaeun","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun-Young","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Jin","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6691-8939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoon-Kyoung","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"51546_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2012.08.019","volume":"12","author":"C Biazar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Biazar, C. et al. 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