{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T16:46:08Z","timestamp":1793637968648,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002380","name":"Hanyang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HY-202300000003500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HY-202300000003500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002380","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1G1A1013360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1G1A1013360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this nationwide population-based cohort study, we investigated the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with hydroxychloroquine retinopathy screening using the National Health Insurance Review and Assessment database in South Korea. This study included a total of 32,732 at-risk patients, identified based on having been prescribed hydroxychloroquine for at least 6\u00a0months, and 15,477 long-term (&gt;\u20095\u00a0years) users between January 2010 and December 2020. Participants were categorized based on the performance of baseline examinations (within 1\u00a0year of hydroxychloroquine use) and monitoring examinations (after 5\u00a0years of hydroxychloroquine use). Demographic and clinical factors, including hospitals and medical specialties prescribing hydroxychloroquine, indications for hydroxychloroquine use, and prescription details, were compared between groups. Significant differences were found in sex, residence, departments and hospitals (primary vs. referral centers) where hydroxychloroquine was prescribed, diagnosis for hydroxychloroquine therapy, and mean daily dose between patients who did and did not undergo baseline or monitoring examinations (all P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Patients who received hydroxychloroquine prescriptions from referral hospitals were more likely to undergo baseline and monitoring examinations compared to those from primary clinics (both P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Additionally, patients who received hydroxychloroquine prescriptions from the rheumatology department and had systemic lupus erythematosus were more likely to undergo baseline and monitoring examinations compared to other patients (all P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There were notable differences in the number of modalities used for retinopathy screening between primary and referral centers (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Our findings suggest that several clinical factors related to hydroxychloroquine prescription and screening centers are associated with retinopathy screening practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-51667-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T05:02:21Z","timestamp":1704862941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Demographic and clinical characteristics associated with screening practices for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jiyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo Chan","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeon Yoon","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Joon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"51667_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.068676","volume":"66","author":"GS Alarcon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Alarcon, G. S. et al. Effect of hydroxychloroquine on the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L). Ann. Rheum. Dis. 66, 1168\u20131172 (2007).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"51667_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.127225","volume":"69","author":"C Gaujoux-Viala","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gaujoux-Viala, C. et al. Current evidence for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: A systematic literature review informing the EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 69, 1004\u20131009 (2010).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"51667_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.4244","volume":"131","author":"M Mititelu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mititelu, M. et al. Progression of hydroxychloroquine toxic effects after drug therapy cessation: New evidence from multimodal imaging. JAMA Ophthalmol. 131, 1187\u20131197 (2013).","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"51667_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.1099","volume":"132","author":"MF Marmor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marmor, M. F. & Hu, J. Effect of disease stage on progression of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy. JAMA Ophthalmol. 132, 1105\u20131112 (2014).","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"51667_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pham, B. H. & Marmor, M. F. Sequential changes in hydroxychloroquine retinopathy up to 20 years after stopping the drug: Implications for Mild Versus Severe Toxicity. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.). 39, 492\u2013501 (2019).","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002408"},{"key":"51667_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.10.029","volume":"128","author":"SJ Ahn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahn, S. J. et al. Long-term progression of pericentral hydroxychloroquine retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 128, 889\u2013898 (2021).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"51667_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.3459","volume":"132","author":"RB Melles","year":"2014","unstructured":"Melles, R. B. & Marmor, M. F. The risk of toxic retinopathy in patients on long-term hydroxychloroquine therapy. JAMA Ophthalmol. 132, 1453\u20131460 (2014).","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"51667_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.058","volume":"123","author":"MF Marmor","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marmor, M. F., Kellner, U., Lai, T. Y., Melles, R. B. & Mieler, W. F. Recommendations on screening for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy (2016 revision). Ophthalmology. 123, 1386\u20131394 (2016).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"51667_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01380-2","volume":"35","author":"IH Yusuf","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yusuf, I. H., Foot, B. & Lotery, A. J. The Royal College of Ophthalmologists recommendations on monitoring for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine users in the United Kingdom (2020 revision): Executive summary. Eye (London, England). 35, 1532\u20131537 (2021).","journal-title":"Eye (London, England)."},{"key":"51667_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.018","volume":"122","author":"RB Melles","year":"2015","unstructured":"Melles, R. B. & Marmor, M. F. Pericentral retinopathy and racial differences in hydroxychloroquine toxicity. 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