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Here, we aimed to explore the role of\n                    <jats:italic>ENO1<\/jats:italic>\n                    in bladder cancer (BLCA) and then construct a signature to predict the prognosis and treatment response of BLCA. Firstly, we found\n                    <jats:italic>ENO1<\/jats:italic>\n                    was highly expressed in BLCA tissues, as verified by IHC, and was associated with poor prognosis. The analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment by bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq showed that\n                    <jats:italic>ENO1<\/jats:italic>\n                    was associated with CD8+ T-cell exhaustion. Additionally, the results in vitro showed that\n                    <jats:italic>ENO1<\/jats:italic>\n                    could promote the proliferation and invasion of BLCA cells. Then, the analysis of epithelial cells (ECs) revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>ENO1<\/jats:italic>\n                    might promote BLCA progression by metabolism, the cell cycle and some carcinogenic pathways. A total of 249 hub genes were obtained from differentially expressed genes between\n                    <jats:italic>ENO1<\/jats:italic>\n                    -related ECs, and we used LASSO analysis to construct a novel signature that not only accurately predicted the prognosis of BLCA patients but also predicted the response to treatment for BLCA. Finally, we constructed a nomogram to better guide clinical application. In conclusion, through multi-omics analysis, we found that\n                    <jats:italic>ENO1<\/jats:italic>\n                    was overexpressed in bladder cancer and associated with poor prognosis, CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and epithelial heterogeneity. Moreover, the prognosis and treatment of patients can be well predicted by constructing an epithelial-related prognostic signature.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52573-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T11:05:02Z","timestamp":1706180702000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Multi-omics reveals the role of ENO1 in bladder cancer and constructs an epithelial-related prognostic model to predict prognosis and efficacy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zhixiong","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijie","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingbo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guifeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"52573_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21631","volume":"70","author":"VG Patel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Patel, V. 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