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This study assessed the dietary treatment with whole dried <jats:italic>Tenebrio molitor<\/jats:italic> larvae (TM) on broiler chickens\u2019 gut microbiota and morphology. 120 Ross-308 broilers received treated diets with 5% (TM5) and 10% (TM10) replacement ratio in a 35-day trial. Intestinal histomorphometry was assessed, as well as claudin-3 expression pattern and ileal and caecal digesta for microbial community diversity. Null hypothesis was tested with two-way ANOVA considering the intestinal segment and diet as main factors. The TM5 group presented higher villi in the duodenum and ileum compared to the other two (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while treated groups showed shallower crypts in the duodenum (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and deeper in the jejunum and ileum than the control (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Treatments increased the caecal Firmicutes\/Bacteroidetes ratio and led to significant changes at the genus level. While <jats:italic>Lactobacilli<\/jats:italic> survived in the caecum, a significant reduction was evident in the ileum of both groups, mainly owed to <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>aviarius. Staphylococci<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Methanobrevibacter<\/jats:italic> significantly increased in the ileum of the TM5 group<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> Results suggest that dietary supplementation with whole dried TM larvae has no adverse effect on the intestinal epithelium formation and positively affects bacterial population richness and diversity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-54184-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T17:01:46Z","timestamp":1711040506000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Diet replacement with whole insect larvae affects intestinal morphology and microbiota of broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Stylianos","family":"Vasilopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilias","family":"Giannenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ifigeneia","family":"Mellidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioanna","family":"Stylianaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efthimia","family":"Antonopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athina","family":"Tzora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Skoufos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos G.","family":"Athanassiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Papadopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paschalis","family":"Fortomaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"54184_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9040119","volume":"9","author":"G Sogari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sogari, G., Amato, M., Biasato, I., Chiesa, S. & Gasco, L. 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