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The fabricated SnO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs demonstrated significant adsorption capabilities for phenol (PHE), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-nitrophenol (P-NP), and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-methoxyphenol (P-MP) from water matrices. Optimal conditions for maximum removal efficiency was determined for each phenolic compound, with PHE showing a remarkable 95% removal at a 3 ppm, 0.20 g of SnO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs, pH 8, and 30 min of agitation at 35\u00a0\u00b0C. Molecular docking studies unveiled a potential anticancer mechanism, indicating the ability of SnO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs to interact with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase domain and inhibit its activity. The adsorption processes followed pseudo-second order kinetics and Temkin isotherm model, revealing spontaneous, exothermic, and chemisorption-controlled mechanisms. This eco-friendly approach utilizing plant extracts was considered as a valuable tool for nano-sorbent production. 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