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Knee chondrocytes were isolated from male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats aged 2\u20133\u00a0days. Second-generation chondrocytes were transfected with miR-1 mimic and empty vector with lipo3000 for 6\u00a0h and then stimulated with 10\u00a0ng\/mL IL-1\u03b2 for 24\u00a0h. OA-related and cartilage matrix genes were quantified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Two-month-old male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n\u2009=\u200930?): sham operation group\u2009+\u200950 \u00b5L saline, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) group\u2009+\u200950 \u00b5L miR-1 agomir (concentration), and control group ACLT\u2009+\u200950 \u00b5L miR-1 agomir. Treatment was started one week after the operation. All animals were euthanized eight weeks after the operation. X-rays and micro-CT were used to detect imaging changes in the knee joints. FMT was used to monitor joint inflammation in vivo. Safranin O staining was used to detect morphological changes in articular cartilage. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Col2, Col10, metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13). RT-qPCR was used to detect gene changes includingmiR-1, Col2, Col10, MMP-13, Ihh, Smo, Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3. Overexpression of miR-1 in IL-1\u03b2-stimulated chondrocytes reduced the levels of Ihh, MMP-13, and Col10 but increased the levels of Col2 and aggrecan. Intra-articular injection of miR-1 agomir reduced osteophyte formation, inflammation, and prevented cartilage damage. RT-qPCR results indicated that the miR-1 agomir increased articular cartilage anabolism and inhibited cartilage catabonism. miR-1 can attenuate the progression of OA by downregulating Ihh.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56200-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]],"date-time":"2024-04-06T10:01:34Z","timestamp":1712397694000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Intra-articular injection of miRNA-1 agomir, a novel chemically modified miRNA agonists alleviates osteoarthritis (OA) progression by downregulating Indian hedgehog in rats"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Pengcui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raorao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianda","family":"Che","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinpin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penghua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunfang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengbo","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"56200_CR1","first-page":"646","volume":"81","author":"AD Woolf","year":"2003","unstructured":"Woolf, A. 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