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Recent technological advancements in wearable devices have made it possible to capture detailed measures of sleep outside the lab, including timing of specific sleep stages. In the current study, we utilized photoplethysmography coupled with accelerometers and smartphone ambulatory assessment to collect daily measurements of sleep, physical activity and mood in a sample of N\u2009=\u200982 over multi-month data collection intervals. We found a robust inverse relationship between sedentary behavior and physical activity and sleep architecture: both low-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with increased NREM sleep and decreased REM sleep, as well as a longer REM latency, while higher levels of sedentary behavior showed the opposite pattern. A decreased REM\/NREM ratio and increased REM latency were in turn associated with improved wellbeing, including increased energy, reduced stress and enhanced perceived restfulness of sleep. Our results suggest that physical activity and sleep account for unique variance in a person\u2019s mood, suggesting that these effects are at least partially independent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56332-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T10:03:22Z","timestamp":1709805802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["The effects of physical activity on sleep architecture and mood in naturalistic environments"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kennedy","family":"Zapalac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances A.","family":"Champagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Schnyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"56332_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2015.10.004","volume":"1","author":"M Hirshkowitz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hirshkowitz, M. et al. 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