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Twitch contractions have been demonstrated to protect against denervation-induced muscle atrophy in rats, possibly through mitochondrial biosynthesis. This study examined whether inducing tetanus contractions with B-SES suppresses muscle atrophy and identified the underlying molecular mechanisms. We evaluated the effects of acute (60\u00a0Hz, 5\u00a0min) and chronic (60\u00a0Hz, 5\u00a0min, every alternate day for one week) B-SES on the tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius (GAS) muscles in Sprague\u2013Dawley rats using belt electrodes attached to both ankle joints. After acute stimulation, a significant decrease in the glycogen content was observed in the left and right TA and GAS, suggesting that B-SES causes simultaneous contractions in multiple muscle groups. B-SES enhanced p70S6K phosphorylation, an indicator of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 activity. During chronic stimulations, rats were divided into control (CONT), denervation-induced atrophy (DEN), and DEN\u2009+\u2009electrically stimulated with B-SES (DEN\u2009+\u2009ES) groups. After seven days of treatment, the wet weight (n\u2009=\u20098\u201311 for each group) and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA, n\u2009=\u20096 for each group) of the TA and GAS muscles were reduced in the DEN and DEN\u2009+\u2009ES groups compared with that in the CON group. The DEN\u2009+\u2009ES group showed significantly higher muscle weight and CSA than those in the DEN group. Although RNA-seq and pathway analysis suggested that mitochondrial biogenesis is a critical event in this phenomenon, mitochondrial content showed no difference. In contrast, ribosomal RNA 28S and 18S (n\u2009=\u20096) levels in the DEN\u2009+\u2009ES group were higher than those in the DEN group, even though RNA-seq showed that the ribosome biogenesis pathway was reduced by electrical stimulation. The mRNA levels of the muscle proteolytic molecules atrogin-1 and MuRF1 were significantly higher in DEN than those in CONT. However, they were more suppressed in DEN\u2009+\u2009ES than those in DEN. In conclusion, tetanic electrical stimulation of both ankles using belt electrodes effectively reduced denervation-induced atrophy in multiple muscle groups. Furthermore, ribosomal biosynthesis plays a vital role in this phenomenon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56382-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,10]],"date-time":"2024-03-10T23:01:31Z","timestamp":1710111691000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Belt electrode tetanus muscle stimulation reduces denervation-induced atrophy of rat multiple skeletal muscle groups"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Uno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shohei","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Akimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsu","family":"Hosoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunta","family":"Tadano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mako","family":"Isemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Kouzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaya","family":"Kotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Nakazato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"56382_CR1","first-page":"170","volume":"52","author":"H Imagita","year":"2004","unstructured":"Imagita, H. et al. 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