{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T21:52:46Z","timestamp":1787003566698,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Growing skull fracture (GSF) is an uncommon form of head trauma among young children. In prior research, the majority of GSFs were typically classified based on pathophysiological mechanisms or the duration following injury. However, considering the varying severity of initial trauma and the disparities in the time elapsed between injury and hospital admission among patients, our objective was to devise a clinically useful classification system for GSFs among children, grounded in both clinical presentations and imaging findings, in order to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions. The clinical and imaging data of 23 patients less than 12\u00a0years who underwent GSF were retrospectively collected and classified into four types. The clinical and imaging characteristics of the different types were reviewed in detail and statistically analyzed. In all 23 patients, 5 in type I, 7 in type II, 8 in type III, and 3 in type IV. 21\/23 (91.3%) were younger than 3\u00a0years. Age \u2264\u20093\u00a0years and subscalp fluctuating mass were common in type I\u2013III (P\u2009=\u20090.026, P\u2009=\u20090.005). Fracture width \u2265\u20094\u00a0mm was more common in type II\u2013IV (P\u2009=\u20090.003), while neurological dysfunction mostly occurred in type III and IV (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).Skull \u201ccrater-like\u201d changes were existed in all type IV. 10\/12 (83.3%) patients with neurological dysfunction had improved in motor or linguistic function. There was not improved in patients with type IV. GCS in different stage has its unique clinical and imaging characteristics. This classification could help early diagnosis and treatment for GCS, also could improve the prognosis significantly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56445-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T14:01:54Z","timestamp":1709820114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical and imaging characteristics of growing skull fractures in children"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Qingshuang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianbin","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehuang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taotao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"56445_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/pl00011945","volume":"23","author":"Y Ersahin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ersahin, Y. et al. Growing skull fractures (craniocerebral erosion). Neurosurg. Rev. 23(3), 139\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/pl00011945 (2000).","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"56445_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1177\/145561320914774","volume":"99","author":"XH Yan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yan, X. H. et al. Growing skull fracture of temporal bone in adults: A case report and literature review. Ear Nose Throat J. 99(10), 654\u2013657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/145561320914774 (2020).","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J."},{"issue":"3","key":"56445_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003379","volume":"28","author":"N Vezina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vezina, N. et al. A review of techniques used in the management of growing skull fractures. 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