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Participants without dementia in a baseline survey in April 2018 were followed until March 2021. As oral functions, chewing function, tongue and lip function, and swallowing function were assessed by self-administered questionnaire, by oral diadochokinesis test, and by repetitive saliva swallowing test, respectively. The presence of systemic diseases was based on data obtained from the National Database of Health Insurance of Japan. At follow-up, 415 (6%) participants were diagnosed with dementia. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed the presence of dementia at follow-up was associated with female (odds ratio [OR] 1.386; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.117\u20131.719), age (OR 1.078; CI 1.056\u20131.101), regular dental checkups (absence; OR 1.452; CI 1.180\u20131.788), brushing frequency\u2009\u2265\u2009twice\/day (absence; OR 1.510; CI 1.194\u20131.911), decayed teeth (presence; OR 1.328; CI 1.071\u20131.648), swallowing function (poor; OR 1.484; CI 1.135\u20131.939) at baseline. 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