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Previous studies suggest that disrupted circadian rhythms promote neuroinflammation and neuronal damage post-ischemia in otherwise healthy mice, however, few studies to date have evaluated these health risks with aging. Because most strokes occur in aged individuals, we sought to identify whether, in addition to being a risk factor for poor ischemic outcome, circadian rhythm disruption can increase risk for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). We hypothesized that repeated 6\u00a0h phase advances (chronic jet lag; CJL) for 8\u00a0weeks alters cerebrovascular architecture leading to increased cognitive impairments in aged mice. Female CJL mice displayed impaired spatial processing during a spontaneous alternation task and reduced acquisition during auditory-cued associative learning. Male CJL mice displayed impaired retention of the auditory-cued associative learning task 24\u00a0h following acquisition. CJL increased vascular tortuosity in the isocortex, associated with increased risk for vascular disease. These results demonstrate that CJL increased sex-specific cognitive impairments coinciding with structural changes to vasculature in the brain. We highlight that CJL may accelerate aged-related functional decline and could be a crucial target against disease progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57511-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T09:02:23Z","timestamp":1712048543000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Chronic phase advances reduces recognition memory and increases vascular cognitive dementia-like impairments in aged mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob R.","family":"Bumgarner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"II","given":"William H.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O. 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