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Past work has shown that people engage with PSRs to support complex psychological needs (e.g., feeling less lonely after watching a favorite movie). However, we do not know how people rate these relationships relative to traditional two-sided relationships in terms of their effectiveness in supporting psychological needs. The current research (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>total<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20093085) examined how PSRs help people fulfil emotion regulation needs. In Studies 1 and 2, participants felt that both their YouTube creator and non-YouTube creator PSRs were more effective at fulfilling their emotional needs than in-person acquaintances, albeit less effective than close others. In Study 3, people with high self-esteem thought PSRs would be responsive to their needs when their sociometer was activated, just as they do with two-sided relationships.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58069-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T11:02:08Z","timestamp":1712574128000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["People perceive parasocial relationships to be effective at fulfilling emotional needs"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shaaba","family":"Lotun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica M.","family":"Lamarche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Matran-Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian M.","family":"Sandstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"58069_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02056.x","volume":"19","author":"N Epley","year":"2008","unstructured":"Epley, N., Akalis, S., Waytz, A. & Cacioppo, J. 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