{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:09:42Z","timestamp":1790777382720,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Agent\u00fara na Podporu V\u00fdskumu a V\u00fdvoja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APVV-20-0344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-20-0344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006109","name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2\/0150\/24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2\/0150\/24"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Injury, tumors, ischemia, and lesions in the cerebellum show the involvement of this region in human speech. The association of the cerebellum with learned birdsong has only been identified recently. Cerebellar dysfunction in young songbirds causes learning disabilities, but its role in adult songbirds has not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) in adult birdsong. We created bilateral excitotoxic lesions in the DCN of adult male zebra finches (<jats:italic>Taeniopygia guttata<\/jats:italic>) and recorded their songs for up to 4\u00a0months. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and immunohistochemistry, we validated the lesion efficacy. We found that the song duration significantly increased from 14\u00a0weeks post-op; the increase in duration was caused by a greater number of introductory notes as well as a greater number of syllables sung after the introductory notes. On the other hand, the motif duration decreased from 8\u00a0weeks after DCN lesions were induced, which was due to faster singing of syllables, not changes in inter-syllable interval length. DCN lesions also caused a decrease in the fundamental frequency of syllables. In summary, we showed that DCN lesions influence the temporal and acoustic features of birdsong. These results suggest that the cerebellum influences singing in adult songbirds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58569-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T09:01:43Z","timestamp":1712566903000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The role of cerebellum in learned vocal communication in adult songbirds"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Radic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Lukacova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ladislav","family":"Baciak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimira","family":"Hodova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubica","family":"Kubikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"58569_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D\u2019Angelo, E. Physiology of the cerebellum. In Handb. Clin. Neurol., 85\u2013108 (Elsevier, 2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-444-63956-1.00006-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63956-1.00006-0"},{"key":"58569_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-011-0336-4","volume":"11","author":"M Manto","year":"2012","unstructured":"Manto, M. & Haines, D. Cerebellar research: Two centuries of discoveries. Cerebellum 11, 446\u2013448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-011-0336-4 (2012).","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"58569_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mari\u00ebn, P., Borgatti, R. Language and the cerebellum. In Handb. Clin. Neurol. 181\u2013202 (Elsevier, 2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-444-63956-1.00011-4.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63956-1.00011-4"},{"key":"58569_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.07.005","volume":"688","author":"JD Schmahmann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schmahmann, J. D. The cerebellum and cognition. Neurosci. Lett. 688, 62\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.07.005 (2019).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"58569_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22194","volume":"35","author":"E Keren-Happuch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Keren-Happuch, E., Chen, S.-H.A., Ho, M.-H.R. & Desmond, J. E. A meta-analysis of cerebellar contributions to higher cognition from PET and fMRI studies: A meta-analysis of cerebellar contributions. Hum. Brain Mapp. 35, 593\u2013615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.22194 (2014).","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"58569_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/331585a0","volume":"331","author":"SE Petersen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Petersen, S. E., Fox, P. T., Posner, M. I., Mintun, M. & Raichle, M. E. Positron emission tomographic studies of the cortical anatomy of single-word processing. Nature 331, 585\u2013589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/331585a0 (1988).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"58569_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.08.039","volume":"44","author":"C Stoodley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stoodley, C. & Schmahmann, J. Functional topography in the human cerebellum: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. NeuroImage 44, 489\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.08.039 (2009).","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"58569_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1080\/14734220601145459","volume":"6","author":"KA Spencer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Spencer, K. A. & Slocomb, D. L. The neural basis of ataxic dysarthria. Cerebellum 6, 58\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14734220601145459 (2007).","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"58569_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820601056210","volume":"42","author":"MA Casper","year":"2007","unstructured":"Casper, M. A., Raphael, L. J., Harris, K. S. & Geibel, J. M. Speech prosody in cerebellar ataxia. Int. J. Lang. Commun. Disord. 42, 407\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13682820601056210 (2007).","journal-title":"Int. J. Lang. Commun. Disord."},{"key":"58569_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfludis.2010.03.001","volume":"35","author":"T Tani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tani, T. & Sakai, Y. Stuttering after right cerebellar infarction: A case study. J. Fluen. Disord. 35, 141\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfludis.2010.03.001 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Fluen. Disord."},{"key":"58569_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1080\/14734220701266742","volume":"6","author":"H Ackermann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ackermann, H., Mathiak, K. & Riecker, A. The contribution of the cerebellum to speech production and speech perception: Clinical and functional imaging data. Cerebellum 6, 202\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14734220701266742 (2007).","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"58569_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2022.11.005","volume":"46","author":"MH Davenport","year":"2023","unstructured":"Davenport, M. H. & Jarvis, E. D. Birdsong neuroscience and the evolutionary substrates of learned vocalization. Trends Neurosci. 46, 97\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2022.11.005 (2023).","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2020.04.004","volume":"64","author":"R Bertram","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bertram, R., Hyson, R. L., Brunick, A. J., Flores, D. & Johnson, F. Network dynamics underlie learning and performance of birdsong. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 64, 119\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conb.2020.04.004 (2020).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"58569_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2005.05.005","volume":"28","author":"A Doupe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Doupe, A., Perkel, D., Reiner, A. & Stern, E. Birdbrains could teach basal ganglia research a new song. Trends Neurosci. 28, 353\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2005.05.005 (2005).","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1298.038","volume":"1016","author":"ED Jarvis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jarvis, E. D. Learned birdsong and the neurobiology of human language. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1016, 749\u2013777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1298.038 (2004).","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"58569_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1606","volume":"6","author":"ED Jarvis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jarvis, E. D. et al. Avian brains and a new understanding of vertebrate brain evolution. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 6, 151\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1606 (2005).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-017-1584-y","volume":"223","author":"A Hintzen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hintzen, A., Pelzer, E. A. & Tittgemeyer, M. Thalamic interactions of cerebellum and basal ganglia. Brain Struct. Funct. 223, 569\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-017-1584-y (2018).","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"58569_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-020-01207-6","volume":"20","author":"MC Silveri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Silveri, M. C. Contribution of the cerebellum and the basal ganglia to language production: Speech, word fluency, and sentence construction\u2014evidence from pathology. Cerebellum 20, 282\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-020-01207-6 (2021).","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"58569_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24428","volume":"526","author":"DA Nicholson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nicholson, D. A., Roberts, T. F. & Sober, S. J. Thalamostriatal and cerebellothalamic pathways in a songbird, the Bengalese finch. J. Comp. Neurol. 526, 1550\u20131570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.24428 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21699","volume":"508","author":"AL Person","year":"2008","unstructured":"Person, A. L., Gale, S. D., Farries, M. A. & Perkel, D. J. Organization of the songbird basal ganglia, including area X. J. Comp. Neurol. 508, 840\u2013866. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.21699 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.32167","volume":"7","author":"L Pidoux","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pidoux, L., Le Blanc, P., Levenes, C. & Leblois, A. A subcortical circuit linking the cerebellum to the basal ganglia engaged in vocal learning. eLife 7, e32167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.32167 (2018).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"58569_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20464","volume":"484","author":"MA Farries","year":"2005","unstructured":"Farries, M. A., Ding, L. & Perkel, D. J. Evidence for\u202f?direct? and\u202f?indirect? pathways through the song system basal ganglia. J. Comp. Neurol. 484, 93\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.20464 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.07.010","volume":"181","author":"J Hamaide","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamaide, J. et al. Neuroplasticity in the cerebello-thalamo-basal ganglia pathway: A longitudinal in vivo MRI study in male songbirds. NeuroImage 181, 190\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.07.010 (2018).","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"58569_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11030425","volume":"11","author":"K Lukacova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lukacova, K., Hamaide, J., Baciak, L., Van Der Linden, A. & Kubikova, L. Striatal injury induces overall brain alteration at the pallial thalamic, and cerebellar levels. Biology 11, 425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology11030425 (2022).","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"58569_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1177\/1534582304263251","volume":"3","author":"H Ackermann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ackermann, H., Mathiak, K. & Ivry, R. B. Temporal organization of \u201cinternal speech\u201d as a basis for cerebellar modulation of cognitive functions. Behav. Cogn. Neurosci. Rev. 3, 14\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1534582304263251 (2004).","journal-title":"Behav. Cogn. Neurosci. Rev."},{"key":"58569_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2009.08.011","volume":"47","author":"MG Leggio","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leggio, M. G., Chiricozzi, F. R., Clausi, S., Tedesco, A. M. & Molinari, M. The neuropsychological profile of cerebellar damage: The sequencing hypothesis. Cortex 47, 137\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cortex.2009.08.011 (2011).","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"58569_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-013-0540-5","author":"P Mari\u00ebn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mari\u00ebn, P. et al. Consensus paper: Language and the cerebellum: An ongoing enigma. Cerebellum https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-013-0540-5 (2013).","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"58569_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0310.1980.tb01044.x","volume":"53","author":"R Sossinka","year":"1980","unstructured":"Sossinka, R. & B\u00f6hner, J. Song types in the Zebra Finch Poephila guttata castanotis 1. Z. F\u00fcr Tierpsychol. 53, 123\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439-0310.1980.tb01044.x (1980).","journal-title":"Z. F\u00fcr Tierpsychol."},{"key":"58569_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01138.2005","volume":"96","author":"MH Kao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kao, M. H. & Brainard, M. S. Lesions of an avian basal ganglia circuit prevent context-dependent changes to song variability. J. Neurophysiol. 96, 1441\u20131455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.01138.2005 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"58569_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31052","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.052969","volume":"284","author":"KK Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim, K. K., Adelstein, R. S. & Kawamoto, S. Identification of neuronal nuclei (NeuN) as Fox-3, a new member of the Fox-1 gene family of splicing factors*. J. Biol. Chem. 284, 31052\u201331061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M109.052969 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"58569_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3702","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23443","volume":"521","author":"HJ Karten","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karten, H. J. et al. Digital atlas of the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) brain: A high-resolution photo atlas: Digital atlas of the zebra finch brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 521, 3702\u20133715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.23443 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9635","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2915-17.2018","volume":"38","author":"S Kojima","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kojima, S., Kao, M. H., Doupe, A. J. & Brainard, M. S. The avian basal ganglia are a source of rapid behavioral variation that enables vocal motor exploration. J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci. 38, 9635\u20139647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2915-17.2018 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marsden, J. F. Chapter 17\u2014Cerebellar ataxia. In Handb. Clin. Neurol. (eds. Day, B.L., Lord, S.R.) 261\u2013281 (Elsevier, 2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-444-63916-5.00017-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63916-5.00017-3"},{"key":"58569_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-3940(01)01860-2","volume":"306","author":"H Th\u00e9oret","year":"2001","unstructured":"Th\u00e9oret, H., Haque, J. & Pascual-Leone, A. Increased variability of paced finger tapping accuracy following repetitive magnetic stimulation of the cerebellum in humans. Neurosci. Lett. 306, 29\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0304-3940(01)01860-2 (2001).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"58569_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Callan, D. E., Manto, M. in Handb. Cerebellum Cerebellar Disord. (eds. Manto, M. et al.) Cerebellar control of speech and song 1191\u20131199 (Springer Netherlands, 2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-1333-8_51.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-1333-8_51"},{"key":"58569_CR36","first-page":"138","volume":"73","author":"LS Turkstra","year":"1992","unstructured":"Turkstra, L. S. & Bayles, K. A. Acquired mutism: Physiopathy and assessment. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 73, 138\u2013144 (1992).","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"58569_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-018-0979-5","volume":"18","author":"M Bare\u0161","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bare\u0161, M. et al. Consensus paper: Decoding the contributions of the cerebellum as a time machine. From neurons to clinical applications. Cerebellum 18, 266\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-018-0979-5 (2019).","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"58569_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2600","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1827-16.2017","volume":"37","author":"YS Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. S., Wittenbach, J. D., Jin, D. Z. & Kozhevnikov, A. A. Temperature manipulation in songbird brain implicates the premotor nucleus HVC in birdsong syntax. J. Neurosci. 37, 2600\u20132611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1827-16.2017 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-015-0687-3","volume":"15","author":"F Bodranghien","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bodranghien, F. et al. Consensus paper: Revisiting the symptoms and signs of cerebellar syndrome. Cerebellum 15, 369\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-015-0687-3 (2016).","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"58569_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807303995","volume":"22","author":"JF Huber","year":"2007","unstructured":"Huber, J. F., Bradley, K., Spiegler, B. & Dennis, M. Long-term neuromotor speech deficits in survivors of childhood posterior fossa tumors: Effects of tumor type, radiation, age at diagnosis, and survival years. J. Child Neurol. 22, 848\u2013854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0883073807303995 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Child Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.03.046","volume":"29","author":"A Riecker","year":"2006","unstructured":"Riecker, A., Kassubek, J., Gr\u00f6schel, K., Grodd, W. & Ackermann, H. The cerebral control of speech tempo: Opposite relationship between speaking rate and BOLD signal changes at striatal and cerebellar structures. NeuroImage 29, 46\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.03.046 (2006).","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"58569_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.2.357","volume":"121","author":"B Day","year":"1998","unstructured":"Day, B. Influence of vision on upper limb reaching movements in patients with cerebellar ataxia. Brain 121, 357\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/121.2.357 (1998).","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"58569_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2023.1211530","author":"E Boven","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boven, E. & Cerminara, N. L. Cerebellar contributions across behavioural timescales: A review from the perspective of cerebro-cerebellar interactions. Front. Syst. Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnsys.2023.1211530 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh226","volume":"127","author":"RB Ivry","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ivry, R. B. & Spencer, R. M. C. Evaluating the role of the cerebellum in temporal processing: Beware of the null hypothesis. Brain 127, e13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awh226 (2004).","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"58569_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(98)00005-6","volume":"7","author":"JA Mangels","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mangels, J. A., Ivry, R. B. & Shimizu, N. Dissociable contributions of the prefrontal and neocerebellar cortex to time perception. Cogn. Brain Res. 7, 15\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0926-6410(98)00005-6 (1998).","journal-title":"Cogn. Brain Res."},{"key":"58569_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.11.028","volume":"48","author":"CM Gooch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gooch, C. M., Wiener, M., Wencil, E. B. & Coslett, H. B. Interval timing disruptions in subjects with cerebellar lesions. Neuropsychologia 48, 1022\u20131031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.11.028 (2010).","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"58569_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4906259","volume":"137","author":"A Astolfi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Astolfi, A., Carullo, A., Pavese, L. & Puglisi, G. E. Duration of voicing and silence periods of continuous speech in different acoustic environments. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 137, 565\u2013579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1121\/1.4906259 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"58569_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.1999.2056","volume":"67","author":"H Ackermann","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ackermann, H., Gr\u00e4ber, S., Hertrich, I. & Daum, I. Cerebellar contributions to the perception of temporal cues within the speech and nonspeech domain. Brain Lang. 67, 228\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/brln.1999.2056 (1999).","journal-title":"Brain Lang."},{"key":"58569_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.06.032","volume":"331","author":"K Lukacova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lukacova, K., Pavukova, E., Kostal, L., Bilcik, B. & Kubikova, L. Dopamine D3 receptors modulate the rate of neuronal recovery, cell recruitment in Area X, and song tempo after neurotoxic damage in songbirds. Neuroscience 331, 158\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.06.032 (2016).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"58569_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.186","volume":"7","author":"J Stein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stein, J. The magnocellular theory of developmental dyslexia. Dyslexia 7, 12\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dys.186 (2001).","journal-title":"Dyslexia"},{"key":"58569_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12518","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903214106","volume":"106","author":"AS Andalman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Andalman, A. S. & Fee, M. S. A basal ganglia-forebrain circuit in the songbird biases motor output to avoid vocal errors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 106, 12518\u201312523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0903214106 (2009).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"58569_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.02.020","volume":"98","author":"L Xiao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xiao, L. et al. A basal ganglia circuit sufficient to guide birdsong learning. Neuron 98, 208-221.e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.02.020 (2018).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"58569_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082947","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.1082947","volume":"10","author":"F Fabozzi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fabozzi, F. et al. Cerebellar mutism syndrome: From pathophysiology to rehabilitation. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 10, 1082947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2022.1082947 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"58569_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-016-3059-y","volume":"159","author":"F Nicita","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nicita, F. et al. Sudden benzodiazepine-induced resolution of post-operative pediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome: A clinical-SPECT study. Acta Neurochir. (Wien) 159, 475\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00701-016-3059-y (2017).","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir. (Wien)"},{"key":"58569_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125606","volume":"32","author":"PL Strick","year":"2009","unstructured":"Strick, P. L., Dum, R. P. & Fiez, J. A. Cerebellum and nonmotor function. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 32, 413\u2013434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125606 (2009).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2017.06.005","volume":"40","author":"W Ziegler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ziegler, W. & Ackermann, H. Subcortical contributions to motor speech: Phylogenetic, developmental, clinical. Trends Neurosci. 40, 458\u2013468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2017.06.005 (2017).","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25276","volume":"530","author":"JH Chung","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chung, J. H. & Bottjer, S. W. Developmentally regulated pathways for motor skill learning in songbirds. J. Comp. Neurol. 530, 1288\u20131301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.25276 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20118","volume":"473","author":"A Reiner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reiner, A. et al. Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei. J. Comp. Neurol. 473, 377\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.20118 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24189","volume":"525","author":"KC Elliott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Elliott, K. C., Wu, W., Bertram, R., Hyson, R. L. & Johnson, F. Orthogonal topography in the parallel input architecture of songbird HVC. J. Comp. Neurol. 525, 2133\u20132151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.24189 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903820305","volume":"382","author":"EF Foster","year":"1997","unstructured":"Foster, E. F., Mehta, R. P. & Bottjer, S. W. Axonal connections of the medial magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum in zebra finches. J. Comp. Neurol. 382, 364\u2013381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.903820305 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901650405","volume":"165","author":"F Nottebohm","year":"1976","unstructured":"Nottebohm, F., Stokes, T. M. & Leonard, C. M. Central control of song in the canary, Serinus canarius. J. Comp. Neurol. 165, 457\u2013486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.901650405 (1976).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"58569_CR62","first-page":"251","volume":"2","author":"VB Brooks","year":"1984","unstructured":"Brooks, V. B. Cerebellar functions in motor control. Hum. Neurobiol. 2, 251\u2013260 (1984).","journal-title":"Hum. Neurobiol."},{"key":"58569_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01153.x","volume":"39","author":"JK Min","year":"1998","unstructured":"Min, J. K., Valentine, P. A. & Teskey, G. C. Effect of complete and partial bilateral lesions of the deep cerebellar nuclei on amygdaloid kindling in rats. Epilepsia 39, 692\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01153.x (1998).","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"58569_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1969.31.2.0172","volume":"31","author":"BS Nashold","year":"1969","unstructured":"Nashold, B. S. & Slaughter, D. G. Effects of stimulating or destroying the deep cerebellar regions in man. J. Neurosurg. 31, 172\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.1969.31.2.0172 (1969).","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"58569_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6590","DOI":"10.1038\/srep06590","volume":"4","author":"L Kubikova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kubikova, L. et al. Basal ganglia function, stuttering, sequencing, and repair in adult songbirds. Sci. Rep. 4, 6590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep06590 (2014).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"58569_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4621","volume":"20","author":"A Wojcinski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wojcinski, A. et al. Cerebellar granule cell replenishment postinjury by adaptive reprogramming of Nestin+ progenitors. Nat. Neurosci. 20, 1361\u20131370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.4621 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"58569_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11489","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111489","volume":"22","author":"P Leal-Galicia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leal-Galicia, P. et al. Adult neurogenesis: A story ranging from controversial new neurogenic areas and human adult neurogenesis to molecular regulation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 11489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms222111489 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-58569-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-58569-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-58569-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T09:06:51Z","timestamp":1712567211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-58569-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["58569"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-58569-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"8168"}}