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This study aimed to analyze the changes in primary teeth eruption among Chinese children with social development. A total of 249,264 healthy children under 2\u00a0years were extracted from the 1995, 2005, and 2015 National Survey on the Physical Growth and Development of Children in Nine Cities of China. Their primary teeth were examined and percentiles of primary teeth eruption age were calculated by probit analysis. The median primary teeth eruption age were 6.8\u00a0months, 6.7\u00a0months, 6.6\u00a0months in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Primary teeth eruption age of boys was 0.2\u00a0months, 0.3\u00a0months, 0.3\u00a0months earlier than that of girls in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Primary teeth eruption age was the earliest in children from northern region and was the latest in children from southern region, and this regional difference did not change over time. These findings suggest that primary teeth eruption age slightly advanced with social development, and their gender difference and regional difference have always existed, which supplied some data for understanding the secular trend of primary teeth development in stomatology, pediatrics, anthropology, and other related fields.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59044-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T08:03:01Z","timestamp":1712563381000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Secular changes in eruption of primary teeth in Chinese infants and young children from three national cross-sectional surveys"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ya-qin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-nan","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua-hong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"59044_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S244","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265060274S508(2006)","volume":"27","author":"GP Beunen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Beunen, G. 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