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To better understand the distribution and diversity of resistance-encoding genes among IncHI2 plasmids, computational approaches were used to evaluate resistance and transfer-associated genes among the plasmids. Complete IncHI2 plasmid (N\u2009=\u2009667) sequences were extracted from GenBank and analyzed using AMRFinderPlus, IntegronFinder and Plasmid Transfer Factor database. The most common IncHI2-carrying genera included\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    (N\u2009=\u2009209),\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n                    (N\u2009=\u2009208), and\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    (N\u2009=\u2009204). Resistance genes distribution was diverse, with plasmids from\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    showing general similarity in comparison to\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    and other taxa, which grouped together. Plasmids from\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    and other taxa had a higher prevalence of multiple mercury resistance genes and arsenic resistance gene,\n                    <jats:italic>arsC<\/jats:italic>\n                    , compared to\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    . For sulfonamide resistance,\n                    <jats:italic>sul1<\/jats:italic>\n                    was more common among\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    and other taxa, compared to\n                    <jats:italic>sul2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>sul3<\/jats:italic>\n                    for\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Similar gene diversity trends were also observed for tetracyclines, quinolones, \u03b2-lactams, and colistin. Over 99% of plasmids carried at least 25 IncHI2-associated conjugal transfer genes. These findings highlight the diversity and dissemination potential for resistance across different enteric bacteria and value of computational-based approaches for the resistance-gene assessment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59870-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T07:03:01Z","timestamp":1714374181000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Genotypic analyses of IncHI2 plasmids from enteric bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Suad","family":"Algarni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dereje D.","family":"Gudeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Nayak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven L.","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"59870_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.51.4.381-395.1987","volume":"51","author":"RP Novick","year":"1987","unstructured":"Novick, R. 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