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We extrapolated consistent sensor orientation from specific address-phase signal segments and trained the estimation with a convolutional neural network. We then mitigated drift error by applying a constraint on wrist speed at the address, backswing top, and finish, and ensuring that the wrist's finish displacement aligns with a virtual circle on the 3D swing plane. To verify the proposed methods, we gathered data from twenty male right-handed golfers, including professionals and amateurs, using a driver and a 7-iron. The orientation estimation error was about 60% of the baseline, comparable to studies requiring additional sensor information or calibration poses. The drift error was halved and the single-inertial-sensor tracking performance across all swing phases was about 17\u00a0cm, on par with multimodal approaches. This study introduces a novel signal processing method for tracking rapid, wide-ranging motions, such as a golf swing, while maintaining user convenience. Our results could impact the burgeoning field of daily motion monitoring for health care, especially with the increasing prevalence of wearable devices like smartwatches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59949-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T07:01:40Z","timestamp":1713769300000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Enhancing accuracy and convenience of golf swing tracking with a wrist-worn single inertial sensor"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Myeongsub","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukyung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"59949_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200535050-00005","volume":"35","author":"PA Hume","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hume, P. 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