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It is the only location in Europe where thermal water endemic melanopsid <jats:italic>Microcolpia parreyssii<\/jats:italic> (Philippi, 1847) lived along with the highly endangered warm-water relict neritid <jats:italic>Theodoxus prevostianus<\/jats:italic>. Lake Petea\u2019s evolution was mainly controlled by major climate-driven hydrological changes also seen in regional records. The hydrological changes were mainly controlled by varying input of thermal water due to recurring increased\/decreased recharge of the underground karst water system. The driving factor was warming connected to the interstadial GI 1 increasing recharge by melting of regional ice sheets in the Late Glacial. Conversely, during the Younger Dryas (H0) and the Holocene increasing\/decreasing moisture availability was in control. Low stands created multiple bottlenecks reducing genetic variability seen in the appearance of extreme morphologies during next rapid climate melioration. The studied gastropods responded mostly similarly to changes controlling the availability of elements in shell construction and habitat reduction leading to changes in shape, density, size. Periods of lower lake levels and reduced warm water input are characterized by the emergence of elongated tightly coiled shells while globular, compressed loosely coiled shells develop at times of warmer water provision and increased Mg availability. In size there is a contrasting trend. Namely globose <jats:italic>Th. prevostianus<\/jats:italic> shells are larger than the elongated ones. Conversely globose, compressed <jats:italic>Microcolpia<\/jats:italic> are generally smaller than their elongated spindle-shaped counterparts. In this sense the development of dwarf morphotypes in warmer water habitats is characteristic of Lake Pe\u021bea melanopsids. This type of dwarfism i.e. the reduction of shell size is lacking though in Lake Pe\u021bea neritids. Our findings also confirm the presence of various ecophenotypes of <jats:italic>Microcolpia<\/jats:italic> in the pond degrading our endemic species <jats:italic>Mi. parreyssii<\/jats:italic> to a variety of <jats:italic>Mi. daudebartii<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-60185-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T10:01:49Z","timestamp":1713952909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Coordinated response of endemic gastropods to Late Glacial and Holocene climate-driven paleohydrological changes in a small thermal pond of Central Europe"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"S\u00e1ndor","family":"Guly\u00e1s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e1l","family":"S\u00fcmegi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"60185_CR1","volume-title":"Phenotypic Plasticity. 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