{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T23:47:51Z","timestamp":1794440871638,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although most people living with HIV (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) achieve continuous viral suppression, some show detectable HIV RNA as low-level viremia (LLV) (50\u2013999 copies\/mL). Drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in PLWH with LLV is of particular concern as which may lead to treatment failure. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of LLV and LLV-associated DRMs in PLWH in Zhengzhou City, China. Of 3616 ART-experienced PLWH in a long-term follow-up cohort from Jan 2022 to Aug 2023, 120 were identified as having LLV. Of these PLWH with LLV, we obtained partial pol and integrase sequences from 104 (70 from HIV-1 RNA and 34 from proviral DNA) individuals. DRMs were identified in 44 individuals. Subtyping analysis indicated that the top three subtypes were B (48.08%, 50\/104), CRF07_BC (31.73%, 33\/104), and CRF01_AE (15.38%, 16\/104). The proportions of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) associated DRMs were 23.83% (24\/104), 35.58% (37\/104), 5.77% (6\/104), and 3.85% (4\/104), respectively, which contributed to an overall prevalence of 42.31% (44\/104). When analyzed by individual DRMs, the most common mutation(s) were V184 (18.27%, 19\/104), followed by V179 (11.54%, 12\/104), K103 (9.62%, 10\/104), Y181 (9.62%, 10\/104), M41 (7.69%, 8\/104), and K65R (7.69%, 8\/104). The prevalence of DRMs in ART-experienced PLWH with LLV is high in Zhengzhou City and continuous surveillance can facilitate early intervention and provision of effective treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-60965-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T06:41:19Z","timestamp":1715236879000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Characteristics of drug resistance mutations in ART-experienced HIV-1 patients with low-level viremia in Zhengzhou City, China"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jinjin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaofeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaohong","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuguang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingxia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"60965_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir747","volume":"205","author":"J Hughes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hughes, J. et al. 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