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A subset of SIDS infants has abnormalities in the neurotransmitter, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) and the adaptor molecule, 14\u20133\u20133 pathways in regions of the brain involved in gasping, response to hypoxia, and arousal. To evaluate our hypothesis that SIDS is, at least in part, a multi-organ dysregulation of 5-HT, we examined whether blood platelets, which have 5-HT and 14\u20133\u20133 signaling pathways similar to brain neurons, are abnormal in SIDS. We also studied platelet surface glycoprotein IX (GPIX), a cell adhesion receptor which is physically linked to 14\u20133\u20133. In infants dying of SIDS compared to infants dying of known causes, we found significantly higher intra-platelet 5-HT and 14\u20133\u20133 and lower platelet surface GPIX. Serum and plasma 5-HT were also elevated in SIDS compared to controls. The presence in SIDS of both platelet and brainstem 5-HT and 14\u20133\u20133 abnormalities suggests a global dysregulation of these pathways and the potential for platelets to be used as a model system to study 5-HT and 14\u20133\u20133 interactions in SIDS. Platelet and serum biomarkers may aid in the forensic determination of SIDS and have the potential to be predictive of SIDS risk in living infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-61949-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T02:01:47Z","timestamp":1715738507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Dysregulation of platelet serotonin, 14\u20133\u20133, and GPIX in sudden infant death syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"suffix":"III","given":"Andrew L.","family":"Frelinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin L.","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle A.","family":"Berny-Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja J.","family":"Gerrits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Molly","family":"Riehs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth A.","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brankica","family":"Paunovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Othon J.","family":"Mena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven C.","family":"Campman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ginger L.","family":"Milne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn A.","family":"Sleeper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah C.","family":"Kinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan D.","family":"Michelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"61949_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.3109\/15513819109065465","volume":"11","author":"M Willinger","year":"1991","unstructured":"Willinger, M., James, L. 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