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Latent class growth analysis, a person-centered mixture modelling approach, was applied to 16,863 people with PD stratified by early (N\u2009=\u20098612;\u2009&lt;\u20093\u00a0years), mid (N\u2009=\u20096181; 3\u201310\u00a0years) and later (N\u2009=\u20092070;\u2009&gt;\u200910\u00a0years) disease to discern clusters with similar longitudinal patterns of self-reported walking difficulty, measured by EuroQoL 5D-5L that is validated for use in PD. There were four clusters in early and mid-disease strata, with a fifth identified in later disease. Trajectories ranged from none to moderate walking difficulty, with small clusters with severe problems. The percentage of subjects with moderate (early\u2009=\u200917.5%, mid\u2009=\u200926.4%, later\u2009=\u200932.5%) and severe (early\u2009=\u20093.8%, mid\u2009=\u20097.4%, later\u2009=\u200915.4%) walking difficulty at baseline increased across disease duration groups. The trajectories tended to be stable with variability in moderate and severe groups. Across strata, clusters with moderate to severe problems were associated with more severe impairment, depression, anxiety, arthritis, higher BMI, lower income, and lower education, but no consistent race or gender differences. The findings reveal distinct longitudinal patterns in perceived difficulties in walking in PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62179-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T18:02:56Z","timestamp":1716228176000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A person-centered approach to characterizing longitudinal ambulatory impairment in Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0903-1359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farren B. 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FBSB has received grant support from NIH and the Michael J Fox Foundation. FBSB has been a paid consultant for Michael J. Fox Foundation and has received speaker honorarium from Sanofi. SG has received grant support from the NIH and the Michael J Fox Foundation; he has participated in clinical studies funded by the Parkinson Foundation, Biogen, UCB, and Amneal.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"11509"}}