{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T23:04:59Z","timestamp":1793660699306,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Grant No. 82027808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 82027808"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["Grant No. 2022YFS0048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 2022YFS0048"]}]},{"name":"Science Specialty Program of Sichuan University","award":["Grant No. 2020SCUNL210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 2020SCUNL210"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) has been clinically applied as a neuromodulation tool. Particularly, the phase array ultrasound can be applied in TUS to non-invasively focus on the cortex or deep brain. However, the vital phase distortion of the ultrasound induced by the skull limits its clinical application. In the current study, we aimed to develop a hybrid method that combines the ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences with the prDeep technique to achieve focusing ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus (VIM). The time-reversal (TR) approach of the UTE numerical acoustic model of the skull combined with the prDeep algorithm was used to reduce the number of iterations. The skull acoustic model simulation therapy process was establish to valid this method\u2019s prediction and focus performance, and the classical TR method were considered as the gold standard (GS). Our approach could restore 75% of the GS intensity in 25 iteration steps, with a superior the noise immunity. Our findings demonstrate that the phase aberration caused by the skull can be estimated using phase retrieval techniques to achieve a fast and accurate transcranial focus. The method has excellent adaptability and anti-noise capacity for satisfying complex and changeable scenarios.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62500-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T23:02:52Z","timestamp":1716591772000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A novel transcranial MR Guided focused ultrasound method based on the ultrashort echo time skull acoustic model and phase retrieval techniques"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Dechen","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaojie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bochao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoyang","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiyong","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"62500_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, D. et\u00a0al. Antidepressant-like effect of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation. IEEE (2019).","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2018.2845689"},{"key":"62500_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1300962","volume":"369","author":"WJ Elias","year":"2013","unstructured":"Elias, W. J. et al. A pilot study of focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor. N. Engl. J. Med. 369, 640\u2013648 (2013).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"62500_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70048-6","volume":"12","author":"N Lipsman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lipsman, N. et al. Mr-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor: A proof-of-concept study. Lancet Neurol. 12, 462\u2013468 (2013).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"62500_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25126","volume":"83","author":"JW Chang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chang, J. W. et al. A prospective trial of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor: Results at the 2-year follow-up. Ann. Neurol. 83, 107\u2013114 (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"62500_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.JNS142592","volume":"124","author":"WS Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang, W. S. et al. Factors associated with successful magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound treatment: Efficiency of acoustic energy delivery through the skull. J. Neurosurg. 124, 411\u2013416 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"62500_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-5629(02)00503-3","volume":"28","author":"G Clement","year":"2002","unstructured":"Clement, G. & Hynynen, K. Correlation of ultrasound phase with physical skull properties. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 28, 617\u2013624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0301-5629(02)00503-3 (2002).","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"62500_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3668316","volume":"39","author":"G Pinton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pinton, G. et al. Attenuation, scattering, and absorption of ultrasound in the skull bone. Med. Phys. 39, 299\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1118\/1.3668316 (2012).","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"62500_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3670376","volume":"39","author":"G Pinton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pinton, G., Aubry, J.-F., Fink, M. & Tanter, M. Numerical prediction of frequency dependent 3d maps of mechanical index thresholds in ultrasonic brain therapy. Med. Phys. 39, 455\u2013467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1118\/1.3670376 (2012).","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"62500_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2012.2305","volume":"59","author":"GF Pinton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pinton, G. F., Aubry, J.-F. & Tanter, M. Direct phase projection and transcranial focusing of ultrasound for brain therapy. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 59, 1149\u20131159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TUFFC.2012.2305 (2012).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"62500_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2009.1066","volume":"56","author":"GF Pinton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pinton, G. F., Dahl, J., Rosenzweig, S. & Trahey, G. E. A heterogeneous nonlinear attenuating full- wave model of ultrasound. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 56, 474\u2013488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TUFFC.2009.1066 (2009).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"62500_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2021.3063055","volume":"68","author":"T Bancel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bancel, T. et al. Comparison between ray-tracing and full-wave simulation for transcranial ultrasound focusing on a clinical system using the transfer matrix formalism. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 68, 2554\u20132565 (2021).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"62500_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fink, M. & Dorme, C. Phase aberration correction with ultrasonic time reversal mirrors. In 1994 Proceedings of IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, vol.\u00a03, 1629\u20131638 (IEEE, 1994).","DOI":"10.1109\/ULTSYM.1994.401903"},{"key":"62500_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1529663","volume":"113","author":"J-F Aubry","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aubry, J.-F., Tanter, M., Pernot, M., Thomas, J.-L. & Fink, M. Experimental demonstration of noninvasive transskull adaptive focusing based on prior computed tomography scans. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113, 84\u201393 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"62500_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4865778","volume":"41","author":"U Vyas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vyas, U., Kaye, E. & Pauly, K. B. Transcranial phase aberration correction using beam simulations and MR-ARFI. Med. Phys. 41, 032901 (2014).","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"62500_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2021.3063055","volume":"68","author":"T Bancel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bancel, T. et al. Comparison between ray-tracing and full-wave simulation for transcranial ultrasound focusing on a clinical system using the transfer matrix formalism. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 68, 2554\u20132565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TUFFC.2021.3063055 (2021).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"62500_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFc.2009.1327","volume":"56","author":"E Herbert","year":"2009","unstructured":"Herbert, E., Pernot, M., Montaldo, G., Fink, M. & Tanter, M. Energy-based adaptive focusing of waves: Application to noninvasive aberration correction of ultrasonic wavefields. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 56, 2388\u20132399 (2009).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"62500_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marsac, L. et\u00a0al. Adaptive focusing of transcranial therapeutic ultrasound using mr acoustic radiation force imaging in a clinical environment. In 2010 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, 991\u2013994 (IEEE, 2010).","DOI":"10.1109\/ULTSYM.2010.5935959"},{"key":"62500_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2010.1612","volume":"57","author":"B Larrat","year":"2010","unstructured":"Larrat, B., Pernot, M., Montaldo, G., Fink, M. & Tanter, M. Mr-guided adaptive focusing of ultrasound. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 57, 1734\u20131747 (2010).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"62500_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6254","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4752085","volume":"39","author":"EA Kaye","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaye, E. A. et al. Application of zernike polynomials towards accelerated adaptive focusing of transcranial high intensity focused ultrasound. Med. Phys. 39, 6254\u20136263 (2012).","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"62500_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/60\/3\/1069","volume":"60","author":"N Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu, N. et al. Random calibration for accelerating MR-ARFI guided ultrasonic focusing in transcranial therapy. Phys. Med. Biol. 60, 1069 (2015).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"62500_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3678988","volume":"39","author":"L Marsac","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marsac, L. et al. Mr-guided adaptive focusing of therapeutic ultrasound beams in the human head. Med. Phys. 39, 1141\u20131149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1118\/1.3678988 (2012).","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"62500_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4208\/cicp.oa-2018-0007","author":"B Hosseini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hosseini, B. et al. A bayesian approach for energy-based estimation of acoustic aberrations in high intensity focused ultrasound treatment. Commun. Comput. Phys.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4208\/cicp.oa-2018-0007 (2019).","journal-title":"Commun. Comput. Phys."},{"key":"62500_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3360308","volume":"15","author":"BE Treeby","year":"2010","unstructured":"Treeby, B. E. & Cox, B. T. k-wave: Matlab toolbox for the simulation and reconstruction of photoacoustic wave fields. J. Biomed. Opt. 15, 021314 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"62500_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11898","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.011898","volume":"23","author":"A Dr\u00e9meau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dr\u00e9meau, A. et al. Reference-less measurement of the transmission matrix of a highly scattering material using a DMD and phase retrieval techniques. Opt. Express 23, 11898\u201311911 (2015).","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"62500_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2014.2352673","volume":"32","author":"Y Shechtman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shechtman, Y. et al. Phase retrieval with application to optical imaging: A contemporary overview. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 32, 87\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MSP.2014.2352673 (2015).","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"key":"62500_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1137\/151005099","volume":"57","author":"EJ Candes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Candes, E. J., Eldar, Y. C., Strohmer, T. & Voroninski, V. Phase retrieval via matrix completion. SIAM Rev. 57, 225\u2013251 (2015).","journal-title":"SIAM Rev."},{"key":"62500_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1137\/090771806","volume":"53","author":"N Halko","year":"2011","unstructured":"Halko, N., Martinsson, P.-G. & Tropp, J. A. Finding structure with randomness: Probabilistic algorithms for constructing approximate matrix decompositions. SIAM Rev. 53, 217\u2013288 (2011).","journal-title":"SIAM Rev."},{"key":"62500_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2020.2993718","volume":"67","author":"G Maimbourg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maimbourg, G. et al. Computationally efficient transcranial ultrasonic focusing: Taking advantage of the high correlation length of the human skull. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 67, 1993\u20132002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TUFFC.2020.2993718 (2020).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"62500_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21801","volume":"66","author":"E Martin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Martin, E., Jeanmonod, D., Morel, A., Zadicario, E. & Werner, B. High-intensity focused ultrasound for noninvasive functional neurosurgery. Ann. Neurol. 66, 858\u2013861 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"62500_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6532","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85535-5","volume":"11","author":"SA Leung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leung, S. A. et al. Transcranial focused ultrasound phase correction using the hybrid angular spectrum method. Sci. Rep. 11, 6532 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"62500_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s12532-016-0103-0","volume":"8","author":"F Fogel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fogel, F., Waldspurger, I. & d\u2019Aspremont, A. Phase retrieval for imaging problems. Math. Program. Comput. 8, 311\u2013335 (2016).","journal-title":"Math. Program. Comput."},{"key":"62500_CR32","first-page":"237","volume":"35","author":"RW Gerchberg","year":"1972","unstructured":"Gerchberg, R. W. A practical algorithm for the determination of phase from image and diffraction plane pictures. Optik 35, 237\u2013246 (1972).","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"62500_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1121\/1.429459","volume":"108","author":"M Tanter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tanter, M., Thomas, J.-L. & Fink, M. Time reversal and the inverse filter. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108, 223\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1121\/1.429459 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"62500_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1121\/1.429459","volume":"108","author":"M Tanter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tanter, M., Thomas, J.-L. & Fink, M. Time reversal and the inverse filter. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108, 223\u2013234 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"62500_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1137\/18M1216894","volume":"79","author":"G Bal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bal, G., Fink, M. & Pinaud, O. Time-reversal by time-dependent perturbations. SIAM J. Appl. Math. 79, 754\u2013780 (2019).","journal-title":"SIAM J. Appl. Math."},{"key":"62500_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1137\/16M1102884","volume":"10","author":"Y Romano","year":"2017","unstructured":"Romano, Y., Elad, M. & Milanfar, P. The little engine that could: Regularization by denoising (red). SIAM J. Imag. Sci. 10, 1804\u20131844 (2017).","journal-title":"SIAM J. Imag. Sci."},{"key":"62500_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3142","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2017.2662206","volume":"26","author":"K Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, K., Zuo, W., Chen, Y., Meng, D. & Zhang, L. Beyond a gaussian denoiser: Residual learning of deep CNN for image denoising. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 26, 3142\u20133155 (2017).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"62500_CR38","unstructured":"Metzler, C., Schniter, P., Veeraraghavan, A. et\u00a0al. prdeep: Robust phase retrieval with a flexible deep network. In International Conference on Machine Learning, 3501\u20133510 (PMLR, 2018)."},{"key":"62500_CR39","unstructured":"Goldstein, T., Studer, C. & Baraniuk, R. A field guide to forward-backward splitting with a fasta implementation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.3406 (2014)."},{"key":"62500_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandra, R., Goldstein, T. & Studer, C. Phasepack: A phase retrieval library. In 2019 13th International conference on Sampling Theory and Applications (SampTA), 1\u20135 (IEEE, 2019).","DOI":"10.1109\/SampTA45681.2019.9030878"},{"key":"62500_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vedaldi, A. & Lenc, K. Matconvnet: Convolutional neural networks for matlab. In Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM \u201915, 689-692, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2733373.2807412 (Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2015).","DOI":"10.1145\/2733373.2807412"},{"key":"62500_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1132","volume":"17","author":"M Jenkinson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jenkinson, M., Bannister, P., Brady, M. & Smith, S. Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images. Neuroimage 17, 825\u2013841 (2002).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"62500_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20159","volume":"26","author":"B Dogdas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dogdas, B., Shattuck, D. W. & Leahy, R. M. Segmentation of skull and scalp in 3-d human MRI using mathematical morphology. Hum. Brain Mapp. 26, 273\u2013285 (2005).","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"62500_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25545","volume":"75","author":"F Wiesinger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wiesinger, F. et al. Zero TE MR bone imaging in the head. Magn. Reson. Med. 75, 107\u2013114 (2016).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"62500_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1121\/1.386578","volume":"70","author":"FW Kremkau","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kremkau, F. W., Barnes, R. W. & McGraw, C. P. Ultrasonic attenuation and propagation speed in normal human brain. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 70, 29\u201338 (1981).","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"62500_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3109\/02656736.2013.861519","volume":"30","author":"A Kyriakou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kyriakou, A. et al. A review of numerical and experimental compensation techniques for skull-induced phase aberrations in transcranial focused ultrasound. Int. J. Hyperth. 30, 36\u201346 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"62500_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2020.3039743","volume":"68","author":"TD Webb","year":"2020","unstructured":"Webb, T. D. et al. Acoustic attenuation: Multifrequency measurement and relationship to CT and MR imaging. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 68, 1532\u20131545 (2020).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"62500_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab12f7","volume":"64","author":"S Guo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Guo, S. et al. Feasibility of ultrashort echo time images using full-wave acoustic and thermal modeling for transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound (tcmrgfus) planning. Phys. Med. Biol. 64, 095008 (2019).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"62500_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4976339","volume":"141","author":"J Robertson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Robertson, J., Cox, B. T., Jaros, J. & Treeby, B. E. Accurate simulation of transcranial ultrasound propagation for ultrasonic neuromodulation and stimulation. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 141(3), 1726 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"62500_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2917","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2021.3068113","volume":"68","author":"N Lu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lu, N. et al. Transcranial MR-guided histotripsy system. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 68, 2917\u20132929 (2021).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-62500-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-62500-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-62500-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,29]],"date-time":"2024-12-29T00:03:44Z","timestamp":1735430624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-62500-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["62500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-62500-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests:"}}],"article-number":"11876"}}