{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:39:11Z","timestamp":1791826751757,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u00daNKP-22-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology","award":["\u00daNKP-22-3-I-PTE-1693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-22-3-I-PTE-1693"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002332","name":"Semmelweis University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Montreal consensus recognizes chronic cough as an extra-esophageal manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux disease. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the effects of acid-suppressive medications in adults with non-specific chronic cough. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022368769). Placebo-controlled randomized trials evaluating the impact of acid-suppressive medications on persistent cough were included. The systematic search was performed on the 1st of November 2022 in three databases. A random-effects model was used for the calculations. The effect size was the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). A total number of 11 double-blinded placebo-controlled randomized trials were included in the meta-analysis. Data showed that compared to placebo, PPIs decreased the severity of cough (SMD 0.33; CI 0.05; 0.61). Therapeutic response was not different in patients with non-specific chronic cough only, compared to those with laryngopharyngeal reflux. Prolonged treatment durations did not result in greater symptomatic improvement, with SMD 0.33 (CI \u2212\u20090.22; 0.88), 0.31 (CI \u2212\u20091.74; 2.35), 0.32 (CI \u2212\u20090.29; 0.93) and 0.34 (CI \u2212\u20090.16; 0.85), following 4, 6, 8 and 12\u00a0weeks of treatment, respectively. The pooled analysis of the improvement in quality of life with PPIs found an SMD of 0.39 (CI \u2212\u20090.51; 1.29). PPIs mildly decrease the severity of non-specific chronic cough, irrespective of treatment duration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62640-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T06:01:39Z","timestamp":1716616899000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Systematic review and meta-analysis: proton pump inhibitors slightly decrease the severity of chronic cough"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Diana-Elena","family":"Floria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Obeidat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarolta Be\u00e1ta","family":"K\u00e1v\u00e1si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitta","family":"Teutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00e1niel S\u00e1ndor","family":"Veres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisztina","family":"Hagym\u00e1si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Hegyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasile-Liviu","family":"Drug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1lint","family":"Er\u0151ss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"62640_CR1","first-page":"CD004823","volume":"1","author":"AB Chang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chang, A. B., Lasserson, T. J., Gaffney, J., Connor, F. L. & Garske, L. A. Gastro-oesophageal reflux treatment for prolonged non-specific cough in children and adults. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 1, CD004823 (2011).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"62640_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-1788","volume":"143","author":"PJ Kahrilas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kahrilas, P. J., Howden, C. W., Hughes, N. & Molloy-Bland, M. Response of chronic cough to acid-suppressive therapy in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Chest 143, 605\u2013612 (2013).","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"62640_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00218714","volume":"45","author":"WJ Song","year":"2015","unstructured":"Song, W. J. et al. The global epidemiology of chronic cough in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur. Respir. J. 45, 1479\u20131481 (2015).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"62640_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-019-00258-9","volume":"197","author":"S-Y Kang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kang, S.-Y. et al. Impact of cough and unmet needs in chronic cough: A survey of patients in Korea. Lung 197, 635\u2013639 (2019).","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"62640_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00630.x","volume":"101","author":"N Vakil","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vakil, N. et al. The Montreal definition and classification of gastroesophageal reflux disease: A global evidence-based consensus. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 101, 1900\u20131920 (2006).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"62640_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1006\/pupt.2002.0352","volume":"15","author":"AH Morice","year":"2002","unstructured":"Morice, A. H. Epidemiology of cough. Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther. 15, 253\u2013259 (2002).","journal-title":"Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"62640_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.08.1458","volume":"150","author":"P Kahrilas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kahrilas, P. et al. Chronic cough due to gastroesophageal reflux in adults: CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest 150, 1341\u20131360 (2016).","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"62640_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901136","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01136-2019","volume":"55","author":"AH Morice","year":"2020","unstructured":"Morice, A. H. et al. ERS guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough in adults and children. Eur. Respir. J. 55, 1901136 (2020).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"62640_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001538","volume":"117","author":"PO Katz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Katz, P. O. et al. ACG clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 117, 27\u201356 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"62640_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.01.040","author":"JW Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, J. W., Vela, M. F., Peterson, K. A. & Carlson, D. A. AGA clinical practice update on the diagnosis and management of extraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease: Expert review. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Off. Clin. Pract. J. Am. Gastroenterol. Assoc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.01.040 (2023).","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Off. Clin. Pract. J. Am. Gastroenterol. Assoc."},{"key":"62640_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page, M. J. et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372, n71 (2021).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"62640_CR12","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022)","author":"J Higgins","year":"2022","unstructured":"Higgins, J. et al. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022) (Cochrane, 2022)."},{"key":"62640_CR13","unstructured":"Haddaway, N. R., Grainger, M. J. & Gray, C. T. citationchaser: An R package and Shiny app for forward and backward citations chasing in academic searching. 10.5281\/zenodo.4543513 (2021)"},{"key":"62640_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104","volume":"20","author":"J Cohen","year":"1960","unstructured":"Cohen, J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educ. Psychol. Meas. 20, 37\u201346 (1960).","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Meas."},{"key":"62640_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne, J. A. C. et al. RoB 2: A revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 366, l4898 (2019).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"62640_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","volume":"64","author":"G Guyatt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guyatt, G. et al. GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 64, 383\u2013394 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"62640_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986006002107","volume":"6","author":"LV Hedges","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hedges, L. V. Distribution theory for glass\u2019s estimator of effect size and related estimators. J. Educ. Stat. 6, 107 (1981).","journal-title":"J. Educ. Stat."},{"key":"62640_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1164","volume":"7","author":"AA Veroniki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Veroniki, A. A. et al. Methods to estimate the between-study variance and its uncertainty in meta-analysis. Res. Synth. Methods 7, 55\u201379 (2016).","journal-title":"Res. Synth. Methods"},{"key":"62640_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1482","volume":"22","author":"G Knapp","year":"2003","unstructured":"Knapp, G. & Hartung, J. Improved tests for a random effects meta-regression with a single covariate. Stat. Med. 22, 2693\u20132710 (2003).","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"62640_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-25","volume":"14","author":"J IntHout","year":"2014","unstructured":"IntHout, J., Ioannidis, J. P. A. & Borm, G. F. The Hartung\u2013Knapp\u2013Sidik\u2013Jonkman method for random effects meta-analysis is straightforward and considerably outperforms the standard DerSimonian-Laird method. BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 14, 25 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"62640_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3923","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7411","volume":"36","author":"D Jackson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jackson, D., Law, M., R\u00fccker, G. & Schwarzer, G. The Hartung\u2013Knapp modification for random-effects meta-analysis: A useful refinement but are there any residual concerns?. Stat. Med. 36, 3923\u20133934 (2017).","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"62640_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","volume":"21","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2002","unstructured":"Higgins, J. P. T. & Thompson, S. G. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat. Med. 21, 1539\u20131558 (2002).","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"62640_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003107347","volume-title":"Doing Meta-Analysis with R: A Hands-on Guide","author":"M Harrer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Harrer, M., Cuijpers, P., Toshi, F. & Ebert, D. D. Doing Meta-Analysis with R: A Hands-on Guide (Chapman and Hall\/CRC, 2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9781003107347."},{"key":"62640_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.11","volume":"1","author":"W Viechtbauer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Viechtbauer, W. & Cheung, M.W.-L. Outlier and influence diagnostics for meta-analysis. Res. Synth. Methods 1, 112\u2013125 (2010).","journal-title":"Res. Synth. Methods"},{"key":"62640_CR25","unstructured":"Pustejovsky, J. clubSandwich: Cluster-robust (Sandwich) variance estimators with small-sample corrections. (2022)."},{"key":"62640_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwarzer, G. Meta: General package for meta-analysis. (2022).","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119099369.ch26"},{"key":"62640_CR27","unstructured":"Viechtbauer, W. Metafor: Meta-analysis package for r. (2023)."},{"key":"62640_CR28","unstructured":"Pim, C., Furukawa, T. & Ebert, D. D. Dmetar: Companion r package for the guide doing meta-analysis in r (2022)."},{"key":"62640_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13005","volume":"43","author":"SA Anzi\u0107","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anzi\u0107, S. A. et al. Eight weeks of omeprazole 20 mg significantly reduces both laryngopharyngeal reflux and comorbid chronic rhinosinusitis signs and symptoms: Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin. Otolaryngol. 43, 496\u2013501 (2018).","journal-title":"Clin. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"62640_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03681.x","volume":"96","author":"HB El-Serag","year":"2001","unstructured":"El-Serag, H. B. et al. Lansoprazole treatment of patients with chronic idiopathic laryngitis: A placebo-controlled trial. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 96, 979\u2013983 (2001).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"62640_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520310001860","volume":"38","author":"AJ Eherer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eherer, A. J. et al. Effect of pantoprazole on the course of reflux-associated laryngitis: A placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 38, 462\u2013467 (2003).","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"62640_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.1997.tb00095.x","volume":"2","author":"A Ing","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ing, A. Chronic cough. Respirology 2, 309\u2013316 (1997).","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"62640_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01504.x","volume":"94","author":"TM Ours","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ours, T. M., Kavuru, M. S., Schilz, R. J. & Richter, J. E. A prospective evaluation of esophageal testing and a double-blind, randomized study of omeprazole in a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for chronic cough. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 94, 3131\u20133138 (1999).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"62640_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000192173.00498.ba","volume":"116","author":"MF Vaezi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vaezi, M. F. et al. Treatment of chronic posterior laryngitis with esomeprazole. Laryngoscope 116, 254\u2013260 (2006).","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"62640_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00693.x","volume":"101","author":"JM Wo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wo, J. M. et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with single-dose pantoprazole for laryngopharyngeal reflux. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 101, 1972\u20131978 (2006).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"62640_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.02014.x","volume":"16","author":"S Faruqi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Faruqi, S. et al. Chronic cough and esomeprazole: A double-blind placebo-controlled parallel study. Respirology 16, 1150\u20131156 (2011).","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"62640_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.16d11.x","volume":"16","author":"TO Kiljander","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kiljander, T. O., Salomaa, E. R. M., Hietanen, E. K. & Terho, E. O. Chronic cough and gastro-oesophageal reflux: A double-blind placebo-controlled study with omeprazole. Eur. Respir. J. 16, 633\u2013638 (2000).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"62640_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta25030","volume":"25","author":"JA Wilson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wilson, J. A. et al. Lansoprazole for persistent throat symptoms in secondary care: The TOPPITS RCT. Health Technol. Assess. 25, 1\u2013118 (2021).","journal-title":"Health Technol. Assess."},{"key":"62640_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185397","volume":"12","author":"HJ Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park, H. J. et al. Effectiveness of proton pump inhibitor in unexplained chronic cough. PLoS One 12, 1\u201313 (2017).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"62640_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04511.x","volume":"33","author":"NJ Shaheen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shaheen, N. J. et al. Randomised clinical trial: High-dose acid suppression for chronic cough\u2014A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 33, 225\u2013234 (2011).","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"62640_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01392.x","volume":"22","author":"R Fass","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fass, R. et al. The effect of esomeprazole 20 mg twice daily on acoustic and perception parameters of the voice in laryngopharyngeal reflux. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 22, 134\u2013141 (2010).","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"62640_CR42","first-page":"243","volume":"3","author":"T Havas","year":"1999","unstructured":"Havas, T. et al. Posterior pharyngolaryngitis. Double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial of proton pump inhibitor therapy. Aust. J. Otolaryngol. 3, 243\u2013246 (1999).","journal-title":"Aust. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"62640_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.03.009","volume":"8","author":"PKY Lam","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lam, P. K. Y. et al. Rabeprazole is effective in treating laryngopharyngeal reflux in a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 8, 770\u2013776 (2010).","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"62640_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200112000-00013","volume":"111","author":"JP Noordzij","year":"2001","unstructured":"Noordzij, J. P. et al. Evaluation of omeprazole in the treatment of reflux laryngitis: A prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study. Laryngoscope 111, 2147\u20132151 (2001).","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"62640_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.06.003","volume":"139","author":"O Reichel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reichel, O., Dressel, H., Wieder\u00e4nders, K. & Issing, W. J. Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with esomeprazole for symptoms and signs associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 139, 414\u2013420 (2008).","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"62640_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.03.037","volume":"131","author":"DL Steward","year":"2004","unstructured":"Steward, D. L. et al. Proton pump inhibitor therapy for chronic laryngo-pharyngitis: A randomized placebo-control trial. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 131, 342\u2013350 (2004).","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"62640_CR47","unstructured":"Iov, D.-E., Er\u0151ss, B., Obeidat, M., Drug, V. L. & K\u00e1v\u00e1si, S. B. Therapeutic effects of acid-suppressive medications in adults with non-specific chronic cough: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PROSPERO CRD42022368769 (2022)."},{"key":"62640_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005404","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1005404","volume":"13","author":"J Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu, J., Ma, Y. & Chen, Y. GERD-related chronic cough: Possible mechanism, diagnosis and treatment. Front. Physiol. 13, 1005404 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"62640_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128004","volume":"10","author":"AA Lambert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lambert, A. A. et al. Risk of community-acquired pneumonia with outpatient proton-pump inhibitor therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 10, e0128004 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"62640_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzaa041","volume":"32","author":"PA Nguyen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nguyen, P. A. et al. Meta-analysis of proton pump inhibitors induced risk of community-acquired pneumonia. Int. J. Qual. Heal. Care 32, 292\u2013299 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Heal. Care"},{"key":"62640_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90363-0","volume":"68","author":"RI Horwitz","year":"1980","unstructured":"Horwitz, R. I. & Feinstein, A. R. The problem of \u2018protopathic bias\u2019 in case-control studies. Am. J. Med. 68, 255\u2013258 (1980).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"62640_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.03.001","volume":"63","author":"JLF Bosco","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bosco, J. L. F. et al. A most stubborn bias: No adjustment method fully resolves confounding by indication in observational studies. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 63, 64\u201374 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"62640_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051532","volume":"9","author":"P Hegyi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hegyi, P. et al. Academia Europaea position paper on translational medicine: The cycle model for translating scientific results into community benefits. J. Clin. Med. 9, 1532 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"62640_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01458-8","volume":"27","author":"P Hegyi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hegyi, P., Er\u0151ss, B., Izb\u00e9ki, F., P\u00e1rniczky, A. & Szentesi, A. Accelerating the translational medicine cycle: The Academia Europaea pilot. Nature medicine 27, 1317\u20131319 (2021).","journal-title":"Nature medicine"},{"key":"62640_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00057407","volume":"31","author":"SS Birring","year":"2008","unstructured":"Birring, S. S. et al. The Leicester cough monitor: Preliminary validation of an automated cough detection system in chronic cough. Eur. Respir. J. 31, 1013\u20131018 (2008).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"62640_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.04271-2020","volume":"58","author":"JA Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith, J. A. et al. Performance of a digital signal processing algorithm for the accurate quantification of cough frequency. Eur. Respir. J. 58, 1\u20134 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-62640-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-62640-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-62640-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T06:02:56Z","timestamp":1716616976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-62640-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["62640"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-62640-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"11956"}}