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The aim was to investigate the association of <jats:italic>IL-17F<\/jats:italic> (rs763780) SNP with the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) in a cohort of Egyptian patients and to evaluate the effect of this polymorphism on the disease course. <jats:italic>IL-17F<\/jats:italic> (rs763780) gene polymorphisms <jats:italic>was<\/jats:italic> typed by TaqMan genotyping assay for 231 Egyptians divided into 102 MS patients and 129 healthy controls with matched age and sex. The <jats:italic>IL-17F<\/jats:italic> rs763780<jats:italic> C<\/jats:italic> containing genotypes (CT+CC) and C allele have statistically significant increased frequency in MS patients when compared with controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005 and 0.004 respectively) especially in females\u2019 patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005 and 0.006 respectively). The heterozygous CT genotype was associated with the presence of optic neuritis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.038). The multivariable regression analysis revealed significant associations between smoking, the higher frequency of attacks and the prediction of higher EDSS score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032, 0.049 respectively). It can be concluded that the IL-17F rs763780 C containing genotypes (CT and CC) and C allele may be risk factors for the development of MS in the studied Egyptian cohort by a gender-dependent mechanism that contributes to tendency for predisposition in females and optic neuritis is more common in patients carrying the CT heterozygous genotype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62736-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T10:06:23Z","timestamp":1718273183000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of interleukin-17F (rs763780) single nucleotide polymorphism with multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shereen","family":"Salah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yousra I.","family":"Sadeq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7148-0983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youssef M.","family":"Mosaad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim E. 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