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However, it is important to determine the specific impulsivity traits associated with smoking relapse. This study aimed at investigating the associations between impulsivity traits and smoking cessation success among adult smokers at 12\u00a0months after a quit attempt. Participants were 68 adult smokers enrolled in a 3-month course of simvastatine or placebo associated with behavioral cessation support, with a 9-month follow-up (ADDICSTATINE study). They were classified in 3 groups according to smoking status: abstinent, reduction \u2265\u200950%baseline or reduction &lt;\u200950%baseline at 3 and 12\u00a0months. Impulsivity traits were assessed using the UPPS-P-scale. At 12\u00a0months, abstainers and participants who reduced smoking by 50% or more had significantly lower scores in negative and positive urgency compared to participants who reduced smoking by less than 50% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011 and 0.0059). These urgency traits scores at 12\u00a0months were significantly and negatively correlated with smoking reduction at 12\u00a0months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017 and 0.0012). These impulsivity traits were also associated with the smoking cessation success at 3\u00a0months. Patients who were abstinent at 3\u00a0months had also lower negative and positive urgency (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017 and 0.0039). Smoking cessation success at 3 and 12\u00a0months were not associated with the other impulsivity traits, sensation seeking, lack of premeditation or perseverance. Our findings suggest that positive and negative urgency are associated with smoking cessation success. Proposing better tailored-based-treatment targeting these impulsivity traits in combination with conventional treatment may help improving smoking treatment success.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62972-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T10:02:04Z","timestamp":1716976924000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Smokers with higher positive or negative urgency have lower rates of smoking cessation success 12\u00a0months after a quit attempt"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Brunault","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Ingrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Solinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Dugast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Christine","family":"P\u00e9rault-Pochat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Ingrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Vanderkam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8970-5514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Lafay-Chebassier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"62972_CR1","unstructured":"WHO World Health Organization. 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