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To better characterize juvenile MG (JMG), we analyzed 85 pre- and 132 post-pubescent JMG (with a cutoff age of 13) compared to 721 adult MG patients under 40\u00a0years old using a French database. Clinical data, anti-AChR antibody titers, thymectomy, and thymic histology were analyzed. The proportion of females was higher in each subgroup. No significant difference in the anti-AChR titers was observed. Interestingly, the proportion of AChR\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    MG patients was notably lower among adult MG patients aged between 30 and 40\u00a0years, at 69.7%, compared to over 82.4% in the other subgroups. Thymic histological data were examined in patients who underwent thymectomy during the year of MG onset. Notably, in pre-JMG, the percentage of thymectomized patients was significantly lower (32.9% compared to more than 42.5% in other subgroups), and the delay to thymectomy was twice as long. We found a positive correlation between anti-AChR antibodies and germinal center grade across patient categories. Additionally, only females, particularly post-JMG patients, exhibited the highest rates of lymphofollicular hyperplasia (95% of cases) and germinal center grade. These findings reveal distinct patterns in JMG patients, particularly regarding thymic follicular hyperplasia, which appears to be exacerbated in females after puberty.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-63162-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T11:02:25Z","timestamp":1718622145000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparison of juvenile and adult myasthenia gravis in a French cohort with focus on thymic histology"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique","family":"Truffault","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludivine","family":"Auger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Dragin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Thomas","family":"Vilquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Fadel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Thomas de Montpreville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Mansuet-Lupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Regnard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Alifano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarek","family":"Sharshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Behin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Eymard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Bolgert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Demeret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Berrih-Aknin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rozen","family":"Le Panse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"63162_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00297-0","volume":"21","author":"AR Punga","year":"2022","unstructured":"Punga, A. 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