{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T17:21:39Z","timestamp":1769880099178,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021732","name":"Aotearoa Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009193","name":"Marsden Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3721239-S001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3721239-S001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009193","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009193","name":"Marsden Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3721239-S001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3721239-S001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009193","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sir Charles Hercus Health Research Fellowship","award":["24\/016\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24\/016\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulse wave encephalopathy (PWE) is hypothesised to initiate many forms of dementia, motivating its identification and risk assessment. As candidate pulsatility based biomarkers for PWE, pulsatility index and pulsatility damping have been studied and, currently, do not adequately stratify risk due to variability in pulsatility and spatial bias. Here, we propose a locus-independent pulsatility transmission coefficient computed by spatially tracking pulsatility along vessels to characterise the brain pulse dynamics at a whole-organ level. Our preliminary analyses in a cohort of 20 subjects indicate that this measurement agrees with clinical observations relating blood pulsatility with age, heart rate, and sex, making it a suitable candidate to study the risk of PWE. We identified transmission differences between vascular regions perfused by the basilar and internal carotid arteries attributed to the identified dependence on cerebral blood flow, and some participants presented differences between the internal carotid perfused regions that were not related to flow or pulsatility burden, suggesting underlying mechanical differences. Large populational studies would benefit from retrospective pulsatility transmission analyses, providing a new comprehensive arterial description of the hemodynamic state in the brain. We provide a publicly available implementation of our tools to derive this coefficient, built into pre-existing open-source software.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-63312-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T08:01:52Z","timestamp":1717228912000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Measuring global cerebrovascular pulsatility transmission using 4D flow MRI"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1738-3047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Dempsey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5734-243X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soroush","family":"Safaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2929-1169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha J.","family":"Holdsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5208-992X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo D.","family":"Maso Talou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"63312_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.180","volume":"34","author":"S Purkayastha","year":"2014","unstructured":"Purkayastha, S. et al. Impaired cerebrovascular hemodynamics are associated with cerebral white matter damage. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 34, 228\u2013234 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"63312_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.08.026","volume":"35","author":"A W\u00e5hlin","year":"2014","unstructured":"W\u00e5hlin, A. et al. Intracranial pulsatility is associated with regional brain volume in elderly individuals. Neurobiol. Aging 35, 365\u2013372 (2014).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"63312_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09620-6","volume":"267","author":"J Birnefeld","year":"2020","unstructured":"Birnefeld, J. et al. Cerebral arterial pulsatility is associated with features of small vessel disease in patients with acute stroke and TIA: A 4D flow MRI study. J. Neurol. 267, 721\u2013730 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"63312_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X231153374","volume":"43","author":"M Van Den Kerkhof","year":"2023","unstructured":"Van Den Kerkhof, M. et al. Impaired damping of cerebral blood flow velocity pulsatility is associated with the number of perivascular spaces as measured with 7T MRI. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 43, 937\u2013946 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"63312_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-9877(03)00330-X","volume":"62","author":"GA Bateman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bateman, G. A. Pulse wave encephalopathy: a spectrum hypothesis incorporating Alzheimer\u2019s disease, vascular dementia and normal pressure hydrocephalus. Med. Hypotheses 62, 182\u2013187 (2004).","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"63312_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15617171","volume":"36","author":"LA Rivera-Rivera","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rivera-Rivera, L. A. et al. 4D flow MRI for intracranial hemodynamics assessment in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 36, 1718\u20131730 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"63312_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16661340","volume":"37","author":"LA Rivera-Rivera","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rivera-Rivera, L. A. et al. Changes in intracranial venous blood flow and pulsatility in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A 4D flow MRI study. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 37, 2149\u20132158 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"63312_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20910302","volume":"41","author":"LA Rivera-Rivera","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rivera-Rivera, L. A. et al. Assessment of vascular stiffness in the internal carotid artery proximal to the carotid canal in Alzheimer\u2019s disease using pulse wave velocity from low rank reconstructed 4D flow MRI. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 41, 298\u2013311 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"63312_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00877747","volume":"9","author":"GG Belz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Belz, G. G. Elastic properties and windkessel function of the human aorta. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 9, 73\u201383 (1995).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"63312_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26480","volume":"92","author":"AJS Webb","year":"2022","unstructured":"Webb, A. J. S. et al. Low heart rate is associated with cerebral pulsatility after TIA or minor stroke. Ann. Neurol. 92, 909\u2013920 (2022).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"63312_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26475","volume":"92","author":"T Vikner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vikner, T. et al. 5-year associations among cerebral arterial pulsatility, perivascular space dilation, and white matter lesions. Ann. Neurol. 92, 871\u2013881 (2022).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"63312_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-5629(92)90083-M","volume":"18","author":"F Van Bel","year":"1992","unstructured":"Van Bel, F. et al. Cerebral blood flow velocity: The influence of myocardial contractility on the velocity waveform of brain supplying arteries. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 18, 441\u2013449 (1992).","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"63312_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.12.050","volume":"50","author":"MF O\u2019Rourke","year":"2007","unstructured":"O\u2019Rourke, M. F. & Hashimoto, J. Mechanical factors in arterial aging. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 50, 1\u201313 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"63312_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e222685","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.222685","volume":"307","author":"GS Roberts","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roberts, G. S. et al. Normative cerebral hemodynamics in middle-aged and older adults using 4D flow MRI: Initial analysis of vascular aging. Radiology 307, e222685 (2023).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"63312_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00500.2020","volume":"129","author":"WK Lefferts","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lefferts, W. K. et al. Age, sex, and the vascular contributors to cerebral pulsatility and pulsatile damping. J. Appl. Physiol. 129, 1092\u20131101 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"63312_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1113\/EP089319","volume":"106","author":"WK Lefferts","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lefferts, W. K. et al. Impact of acute changes in blood pressure and arterial stiffness on cerebral pulsatile haemodynamics in young and middle-aged adults. Exp. Physiol. 106, 1643\u20131653 (2021).","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"63312_CR17","first-page":"447","volume":"67","author":"R Gosling","year":"1974","unstructured":"Gosling, R. & King, D. Arterial assessment by Doppler-shift ultrasound. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 67, 447\u2013449 (1974).","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. Med."},{"key":"63312_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-021-09526-7","volume":"20","author":"KM Van Hespen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Van Hespen, K. M. et al. Blood flow velocity pulsatility and arterial diameter pulsatility measurements of the intracranial arteries using 4D PC-MRI. Neuroinformatics 20, 317\u2013326 (2022).","journal-title":"Neuroinformatics"},{"key":"63312_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27989","volume":"55","author":"T Arts","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arts, T. et al. Non-invasive assessment of damping of blood flow velocity pulsatility in cerebral arteries with MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 55, 1785\u20131794 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"63312_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2426","volume":"32","author":"T Schubert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schubert, T. et al. Dampening of blood-flow pulsatility along the carotid siphon: Does form follow function?. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 32, 1107\u20131112 (2011).","journal-title":"Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"63312_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4148","volume":"36","author":"T Schubert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schubert, T. et al. Attenuation of blood flow pulsatility along the atlas slope: A physiologic property of the distal vertebral artery?. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 36, 562\u2013567 (2015).","journal-title":"Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"63312_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16629486","volume":"36","author":"L Zarrinkoob","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zarrinkoob, L. et al. Aging alters the dampening of pulsatile blood flow in cerebral arteries. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 36, 1519\u20131527 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"63312_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00961","volume":"8","author":"RS Schnerr","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schnerr, R. S. et al. Pulsatility of lenticulostriate arteries assessed by 7 Tesla flow MRI\u2014measurement, reproducibility, and applicability to aging effect. Front. Physiol. 8, 961 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"63312_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s41747-022-00299-5","volume":"6","author":"H Assadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Assadi, H. et al. Kat-ARC accelerated 4D flow CMR: Clinical validation for transvalvular flow and peak velocity assessment. Eur. Radiol. Exp. 6, 46 (2022).","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol. Exp."},{"key":"63312_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3442","volume":"34","author":"A W\u00e5hlin","year":"2013","unstructured":"W\u00e5hlin, A. et al. Measuring pulsatile flow in cerebral arteries using 4D phase-contrast MR imaging. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 34, 1740\u20131745 (2013).","journal-title":"Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"63312_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24900","volume":"42","author":"E Schrauben","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schrauben, E. et al. Fast 4D flow MRI intracranial segmentation and quantification in tortuous arteries: Fast 4D flow processing tool. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 42, 1458\u20131464 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"63312_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26641","volume":"50","author":"T Dun\u00e5s","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dun\u00e5s, T. et al. Accuracy of blood flow assessment in cerebral arteries with 4D flow MRI: Evaluation with three segmentation methods: Blood flow measurements with 4D flow MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 50, 511\u2013518 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"63312_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19886667","volume":"40","author":"T Vikner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vikner, T. et al. Characterizing pulsatility in distal cerebral arteries using 4D flow MRI. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 40, 2429\u20132440 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"63312_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125038","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1125038","volume":"14","author":"AG Morgan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Morgan, A. G. et al. Repeatability and comparison of 2D and 4D flow MRI measurement of intracranial blood flow and pulsatility in healthy individuals and patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Front. Psychol. 14, 1125038 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"63312_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2022.12.016","volume":"97","author":"GS Roberts","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roberts, G. S. et al. Automated hemodynamic assessment for cranial 4D flow MRI. Magn. Reson. Imaging 97, 46\u201355 (2023).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"63312_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2021.03.003","volume":"91","author":"RM Padmos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Padmos, R. M. et al. Modelling the leptomeningeal collateral circulation during acute ischaemic stroke. Med. Eng. Phys. 91, 1\u201311 (2021).","journal-title":"Med. Eng. Phys."},{"key":"63312_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X211008744","volume":"41","author":"C Bj\u00f6rnfot","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rnfot, C. et al. Assessing cerebral arterial pulse wave velocity using 4D flow MRI. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 41, 2769\u20132777 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"63312_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-023-00921-4","volume":"25","author":"TH Oechtering","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oechtering, T. H. et al. Repeatability and reproducibility of various 4D Flow MRI postprocessing software programs in a multi-software and multi-vendor cross-over comparison study. J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson. 25, 22 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson."},{"key":"63312_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rnfot, C. et al. Cerebral arterial stiffness is linked to white matter hyperintensities and perivascular spaces in older adults \u2013 A 4D flow MRI study. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678X241230741 (2024).","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X241230741"},{"key":"63312_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28062","volume":"56","author":"RJ Van Tuijl","year":"2022","unstructured":"Van Tuijl, R. J. et al. Does the internal carotid artery attenuate blood-flow pulsatility in small vessel disease? A 7 T 4D-flow MRI study. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 56, 527\u2013535 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"63312_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00926.2020","volume":"130","author":"MR Alwatban","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alwatban, M. R. et al. Effects of age and sex on middle cerebral artery blood velocity and flow pulsatility index across the adult lifespan. J. Appl. Physiol. 130, 1675\u20131683 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"63312_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8784","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65616-7","volume":"10","author":"A Aghilinejad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aghilinejad, A. et al. Dynamic effects of aortic arch stiffening on pulsatile energy transmission to cerebral vasculature as a determinant of brain-heart coupling. Sci. Rep. 10, 8784 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"63312_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200307000-00033","volume":"21","author":"A Celentano","year":"2003","unstructured":"Celentano, A. et al. Gender differences in left ventricular chamber and midwall systolic function in normotensive and hypertensive adults. J. Hypertens. 21, 1415\u20131423 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"63312_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29381","volume":"88","author":"L Hernandez-Garcia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hernandez-Garcia, L. et al. Recent technical developments in ASL: A review of the state of the art. Magn. Reson. Med. 88, 2021\u20132042 (2022).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"63312_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06064-1","volume":"7","author":"S Dempsey","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dempsey, S. et al. An interaction graph approach to gain new insights into mechanisms that modulate cerebrovascular tone. Commun. Biol. 7, 404 (2024).","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"63312_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2015.12.016","volume":"34","author":"M Kellawan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kellawan, M. et al. Quantitative cerebrovascular 4D flow MRI at rest and during hypercapnia challenge. Magn. Reson. Imaging 34, 422\u2013428 (2016).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"63312_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00281","volume":"11","author":"KB Miller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miller, K. B. et al. Age-related reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity using 4D flow MRI. Front. Aging Neurosci. 11, 281 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"63312_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R468","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00132.2019","volume":"318","author":"JM Kellawan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kellawan, J. M. et al. Differential contribution of cyclooxygenase to basal cerebral blood flow and hypoxic cerebral vasodilation. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 318, R468\u2013R479 (2020).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"63312_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rivera-Rivera, L. A. et al. Unraveling diurnal and technical variability in cerebral hemodynamics from neurovascular 4D-Flow MRI. J Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678X24123219 (2024).","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X24123219"},{"key":"63312_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11443","volume":"72","author":"L Rouch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rouch, L. et al. Pulse Wave Velocity is associated with greater risk of dementia in mild cognitive impairment patients. Hypertension 72, 1109\u20131116 (2018).","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"63312_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25595","volume":"46","author":"S Schnell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schnell, S. et al. Accelerated dual- venc 4D flow MRI for neurovascular applications: Dual- venc 4D flow MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 46, 102\u2013114 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-63312-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-63312-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-63312-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T09:01:59Z","timestamp":1717232519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-63312-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["63312"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-63312-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"12604"}}