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This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on elderly (over 60\u00a0years old) with urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR)\u2009\u2265\u200930\u00a0mg\/g from 2011 to 2014 in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Cognitive function was assessed by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Word List Learning (CERAD). Subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the absence or presence of cognitive impairment and a propensity score matching (PSM) was further conducted. The association was assessed with Spearman correlation and logistic regression analysis. The positive association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and cognitive score was presented. PSM analysis revealed that a higher level of 25(OH)D3 correlated to a better cognitive function in CKD patients with albuminuria, especially in patients with 30\u00a0mg\/g\u2009\u2264\u2009UACR\u2009&lt;\u2009300\u00a0mg\/g. This study indicated that a low 25(OH)D3 level was associated with poor cognitive performance, especially in patients with microalbuminuria. Thus, early diagnosis of vitamin D insufficiency and an effective intervention might be a useful therapeutic strategy to prevent cognitive decline in patients with the progression of renal dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-63350-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T03:51:11Z","timestamp":1717041071000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level and cognitive impairment in older chronic kidney disease patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jialing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aihua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"63350_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2018.04.011","volume":"94","author":"Y Xie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xie, Y. et al. 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