{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:28:51Z","timestamp":1792790931229,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021708","name":"New South Wales Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centre for Invasive Species Solutions","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05s04a010","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000943","name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000943","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    CRISPR-Cas9 technology has facilitated development of strategies that can potentially provide more humane and effective methods to control invasive vertebrate species, such as mice. One promising strategy is X chromosome shredding which aims to bias offspring towards males, resulting in a gradual and unsustainable decline of females. This method has been explored in insects with encouraging results. Here, we investigated this strategy in\n                    <jats:italic>Mus musculus<\/jats:italic>\n                    by targeting repeat DNA sequences on the X chromosome with the aim of inducing sufficient DNA damage to specifically eliminate X chromosome-bearing sperm during gametogenesis. We tested three different guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting different repeats on the X chromosome, together with three male germline-specific promoters for inducing Cas9 expression at different stages of spermatogenesis. A modest bias towards mature Y-bearing sperm was detected in some transgenic males, although this did not translate into significant male-biasing of offspring. Instead, cleavage of the X\u00a0chromosome during meiosis typically resulted in a spermatogenic block, manifest as small testes volume, empty tubules, low sperm concentration, and sub\/infertility. Our study highlights the importance of controlling the timing of CRISPR-Cas9 activity during mammalian spermatogenesis and the sensitivity of spermatocytes to X chromosome disruption.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-63706-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T02:01:54Z","timestamp":1718157714000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Investigating the potential of X chromosome shredding for mouse genetic biocontrol"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Bunting","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gelshan I.","family":"Godahewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole O.","family":"McPherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise J.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Gierus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra G.","family":"Piltz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owain","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Tizard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Q.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"63706_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roy, H. 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Nature 566, 105\u2013109 (2019).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"63706_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001478","volume":"19","author":"AJ Weitzel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weitzel, A. J. et al. Meiotic Cas9 expression mediates gene conversion in the male and female mouse germline. PLoS Biol. 19, e3001478 (2021).","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"63706_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1089\/crispr.2020.0050","volume":"3","author":"C Pfitzner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pfitzner, C. et al. Progress toward zygotic and germline gene drives in mice. CRISPR J. 3, 388\u2013397 (2020).","journal-title":"CRISPR J."},{"key":"63706_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2213308119","volume":"119","author":"L Gierus","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gierus, L. et al. Leveraging a natural murine meiotic drive to suppress invasive populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 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